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The Psych Bible > Pgs 18-20 > Flashcards

Pgs 18-20 Flashcards

1
Q

Pancreas

A

Endocrine gland near the stomach, produces insulin (#20)

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2
Q

Panic attacks + treatment

A

A sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalated in intensity (#20)

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3
Q

Passionate Love

A

Physical arousal and cognitive appraisal, temporary, beginning of a love relationship (#20)

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4
Q

Penfield’s Brain research

A

Discovered that direct electrical stimulation of cortex produces “mental” sensations of thinking, perceiving, rather than a sense of the brain being stimulated, storing memories, electrical stimulation research (#20)

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5
Q

Perceptual constancy (size, color, shape)

A

Perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent lightness, color, shape, and size) even as illumination and retinal images change (#20)

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6
Q

Perceptual set

A

A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another (#20)

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7
Q

Peripheral route to persuasion

A

Occurs when a person is persuaded to act based on something other than the argument or content of a message (#20)

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8
Q

Personal space

A

The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies (#20)

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9
Q

Personality D/O

A

Deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns (#20)

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10
Q

Perspectives in psych-

Biological

A

Physiological study of the brain (#20)

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11
Q

Perspectives in Psych-

Behavioral

A

Observable patterns of behavior (#20)

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12
Q

Perspectives in Psych-

Psychodynamic

A

Unconscious mind (#20)

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13
Q

Perspectives in psych-

Cognitive

A

How people think, perceive, learn, and remember (#20)

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14
Q

Perspectives in psych-

Humanistic

A

Study of free will and help my others teach their full potential (#20)

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15
Q

Perspectives in psych-

Evolutionary

A

Human traits that we have adapted through natural selection (#20)

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16
Q

Perspectives in psych-

Sociocultural

A

Awareness of circumstances surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are affected specifically by their surrounding, social and cultural factors (#20)

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17
Q

Phenotype

A

The observable characteristics produced by ones genetic endowment (#20)

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18
Q

Phi phenomenon

A

An illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession (#20)

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19
Q

Phonemes

A

Smallest possible units of spoken language (#20)

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20
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Light-sensitive cell in the eye upon which light registers (#20)

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21
Q

Newborn Baby Reflexes

A

Rooting- baby’s cheek is touched, baby moves it’s head

Moro-baby- hears loud sound, baby throws its head

Babinski- foot is touched, big toe bends back

(#19)

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22
Q

Next-in-like-effect

A

People being unable to recall information after their turn to perform (#19)

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23
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Process by which we communicate via wordless cues (#19)

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24
Q

Normative social influence

A

Influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval (#19)

25
Q

Norms

A

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior (#19)

26
Q

Novelty preference

A

Infants are more likely to pay attention to new objects or people (#19)

27
Q

Obedience experiment

A

Measured the willingness of people to obey an authority figure (#19)

28
Q

Obsessive compulsive d/o (OCD)

A

Disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (#19)

29
Q

Oedipus Complex

A

Boy’s sexual desire for his mom, hates dad (#19)

30
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcer, diminished if followed by punisher (#19)

31
Q

Operational Definition

A

Statement of procedures used to define research variables (#19)

32
Q

Opponent- Process Theory

A

Theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision (#19)

33
Q

Optic disc

A

Raised disk on the retina point of entry, lacking visual receptors creating a blind spot (#19)

34
Q

Optic Nerve

A

Nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain (#19)

35
Q

Optimist Explanatory Style

A

A psychological attribute that indicates how people explain (#19)

36
Q

Outgroup Bias

A

“Them” those perceived as different, bias towards them (#19)

37
Q

Over-Justification

A

Occurs when an external incentive decreases a person’s will (#19)

38
Q

Over-regularization

A

Language-learning process, children extend regular words (#19)

39
Q

Over-extension

A

Process of using lots of words to make a sentence longer (#19)

40
Q

Axon

A

Carries the impulse throughout the neuron (#18)

41
Q

Myelin sheath

A

A fatty tissue layer that protects the axon (#18)

42
Q

Terminal buttons

A

Knobs that releases chemicals called neurotransmitters (#18)

43
Q

Synapse

A

The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite (#18)

44
Q

Sensory/afferent

A

Carries incoming information from the sensory receptors to the CNS (#18)

45
Q

Motor/efferent

A

Neurons that carry info from the brain to the muscles (#18)

46
Q

Interneurons

A

Neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally (#18)

47
Q

Action potential

A

A brief electrical charge that travels down an axon (#18)

48
Q

Resting potential

A

The electrical potential of a neuron (#18)

49
Q

Refractory period

A

A man cannot achieve another orgasm after orgasm (#18)

50
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situation (#18)

51
Q

Negative punishment

A

Withdraw a rewarding stimulus (#18)

52
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Increasing behaviors by reducing negative stimuli (#18)

53
Q

Nerve deafness

A

Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea (#18)

54
Q

Central-brain Peripheral/spinal cord

A

Perception and processing of stimuli/motor functions (#18)

55
Q

Autonomic/Somatic nervous system

A

Controls the muscles of organs/ controls the body’s skeletal muscles (#18)

56
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

A gap in the myelin sheath of a nerve (#18)

57
Q

Dendrites

A

A neurons extension that receives info (#18)

58
Q

Soma (cell body)

A

Contains the nucleus and protects it (#18)

The Psych Bible (8 decks)

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