PFT(Pulmonary Function Test) Flashcards
What are the normal values of PFT
Predicted values based off height, gender, and age. Height being the most important factor
What are the types of disorders in PFT causes by obstructive lung disorders
Restrictive or obstructive lung disorders
What are the large range for normal values in PFT
80-120%
What is the normal range for minute ventilation and what is it
Normal range is 5-6 L/Min
Sum of respiratory rate and tidal volume
What is residual volume
Volume of air left in the lungs after a forced exhalation. Cannot be exhaled. Forever stuck
Can residual volume be measured directly via spirometry
No, indirect measurement of residual volume include helium equilibration, nitrogen washout, and use of body plethysmography
What is the normal range of residual volume for both men and women
About 1200 Ml
What is total lung capacity
Sum of residual volume and slow vital capacity.
-Pt with obstructive lung disease may have increased TLC due to hyperinflation.
- Pt with restrictive diseases will have lower TLC
What is the normal value of TLC in a healthy young adult and the normal predicted ranges
Normal value: 6L
Ranges: 80-120% of predicted
What are the 4 ways to measure TLC, FRC, and RV
Body plethysmography
Open circuit nitrogen washout
Closed system helium dilution
X Ray
What is forced vital capacity
Common spirometry test
4 phases of measurement: max inspiratiry, initial expiratory blast, deep inhalation and continued emptying the lungs
- obstructive and restrictive can decrease FVC
What is Forced expiratory volume (FEV1)
Commonly used in 1 second
Normal value is >80% predicted decreased FEV1 means obstructive
What should be looked at first to tell if it’s obstructive or restrictive
FEV1/ FVC
If FEV1/FVC less than 70% then its obstructive
How to tell restrictive disorder
FEV1/FVC ratio is normal or increased
What is COPD usually caused by
Cigarette smoking
What is emphysema
Presence of permanent large airspace’s under the terminal bronchioles, with destructed walls
What is emphysema based on
The pathology or the anatomical alterations of the lung
