COPD

Question 1

What’s the primary cause of COPD

Answer 1

Cigarette smoking

Question 2

Clinical definition of chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

Productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 years

Question 3

Pathological definition for emphysema

Answer 3

Permanent enlarged airspace’s and destructed walls of airways

Question 4

ATS definition for chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

Clinical manifestations

Question 5

ATS definition for emphysema

Answer 5

An atomic alterations of the lung

Question 6

Symptoms with chronic bronchitis blue bloater

Answer 6

Lots of sputum, cilia no longer works, cyanotic, digital clubbing, it’s flow problem, air trapping and hyperinflation

Question 7

Symptoms of emphysema pink puffer

Answer 7

Destroys bronchioles, and alveolar capillary membrane, co2 retainers, diffusion problem, dyspnea, barrel chest, thin

Question 8

What are the two types of emphysema

Answer 8

-Panlobular- lower lobes: enlargement of all alveoli and bronchioles, A-C membrane is decreased. Caused by smoking and genetic disorder Alpha 1-antitrypsin

-Centriacinar- upper lobes( common in smokers): bronchial walls enlarge and merge then is destroyed.

Question 9

What is used to diagnose COPd

Answer 9

Spirometry- FVC, FEV1 and ratio

Question 10

What are some therapeutic options for COPD

Answer 10

Smoking cessation, smoking prevention, occupational exposure, indoor and outdoor air pollution, physical activity, pharmacological therapy for stable COPD