Cor Pulmonale/ Pulm Hypertrophy Flashcards
What is pulmonary hypertension
Increased pulmonary artery pressure greater than 10-20 mmHg at rest and is more common in women 3:1
What are the ways to group and classify hypertension
Group 1-5
-1: drugs, HIV, and PPHN
-2: left heart disease
-3: lung disease and hypoxia
-4: pulmonary embolism
-5: pulm hypertension
Classify 1-4
-1: no limit( no pain or symptoms)
-2: mild( no pain but some discomfort while working out)
-3: noticeable( no pain but discomfort when physical and shows signs)
-4: severe ( unable to be physical without pain/ symptoms)
What tests can be used to diagnose pulm hypertension
CXR, echocardiography, electrocardiograms and right heart catheterization
What can be used to assess severity of PH
Exercise test
What are symptoms of PH
Chest pain/ decreased chest expansion is most common, distended neck veins, hemoptysis, pitting edema
What are some procedure findings for PH
Loud second heart sound or time delay and third heart sound
What is cor pulmonale
Combination of lung disease and right ventricular enlargement and failure due to pulmonary disease
What diseases are more common in cor pulmonale
Chronic bronchitis, emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis
Why is cor pulmonale developed
Due to polycythemia and pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction
What cause cor pulmonale
ARDs, COPd, hypertension, blood clots, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell, untreated OSA
Symptoms of cor pulmonale
Chronic hypoxemia, polycythemia, heptomegaly , jugular venous distension, ascites, pedal edema and abdominal distension
What heart failure is common in PH
Left sided heart faikure
Cor pulmonale right sided heart failure
SOB, distended neck veins, peripheral edema, swollen liver, putting edema, fast HR, polyuria, abdominal pain
Cor pulmonale left sided heart failure
SOB, crackles, cyanosis, decreased urine production, orthopnea, weak pulse
Diagnosic tests
CXR- right ventricular hypertrophy, right atrial dilation and prominent pulm artery
ECG- elevated p wave, right ventricular hypertrophy and dysrythemja
CBC- elevated htc,hgb, RBC
Treatment
O2, mechanical ventilation, diuretics, thrombolytics, pulmonary vasodilators and digoxin
