Pespectives Flashcards
Behaviour
Someone’s activities in response to external or internal stimuli
Psychology
The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given context.
Parapsychology
The study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis.
Nature-nurture
Nature is the way behaviour is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors. Nurture is the influence of external factors.
Structuralism
A school of psychology that analyzes the adult mind as a sum of experiences from childhood to present.
Levels of analysis
The various ways of observation on psychology. Biological, cognitive, and sociocultural.
Functionalism
A theory about the nature of mental states, stating that mental states are identified by what they do rather than what they are made of.
Natural selection
The process in which the environment forces eliminates individuals who are less well adapted to the environment.
Emprosicism
The view that knowledge originated in experience and that science should rely on observation and experimentations.
Biopsychosocial
States that health and illness behaviours are products of biological factors (genes), behavioural factors (lifestyle, health beliefs, stress), and social conditions (cultural influence,family, relationships,social support).
Experimental psychology
The study of behaviour and thinking using the experimental method.
Behavioural
The scientific study of observable behaviour, and its explanation by principles of learning.
Behaviourism
The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behaviour without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
Biological
The scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neutral, hormonal) and psychological processes.
Humanistic
A historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people. It’s theories view personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth.
Evolutionary
Theoretical approach to psychology that attempts to explain useful mental and psychological traits such as memory, perception, or language as adaptations.
Cognitive
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
Personality physchology
The study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
Self-Actualization
One of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteemed is achieved. It is the motivation to fulfill someone’s potential
Social psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Psychodynamic
A branch if psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behaviour, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.
Applied research
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems.
Social-cultural
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behaviour and thinking.
I/O psychology
The scientific study of human behaviour in workplace. Also know as industrial-organizational psychology.
Basic research
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.
Human factor psychology
An I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use.
Psychometrics
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits.
SQ3R
It is a proven technique consisting of five steps: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review, to sharpen your study skills.
Developmental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.
Educational psychology
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning.
