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Nurs 270 > Perspectives Of Chronic Illness > Flashcards

Perspectives Of Chronic Illness Flashcards

1
Q

Approximately what percentage of Canadians over 20 are living with at least one chronic condition

A

50%

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2
Q

In 2012 what was the highest proportion of global disease

A

Cardiovascular disease

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3
Q

What fraction of deaths in Canada each year result from chronic diseases?

A

2/3

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4
Q

Illness

A

Is the human experience of diease
-responses to condition

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5
Q

Chronic illness

A

Refers to experience of health problems that persist over extended periods of time

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6
Q

Sick role

A

Doctor is the expert and decides wether the individual is ill or not
-> the person must want to get well if not there is a benefit to getting sick

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7
Q

Building self efficacy

A

You need to gain mastery over a specific thing
-understand patient expertise and goals = interventions

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8
Q

Outcome expectancy

A

Belief that behaviour leads to the outcome

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9
Q

Vicarious experience

A

See others and become motivated
-support groups

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10
Q

Efficacy expectancy

A

Belief that they can do it

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11
Q

Nurse must be sensitive to patients with chronic diseases concerning…

A

-the variety of strategies and wether they are helpful or maladaptive
-patients may hide and conceal disease
-the disease may be visible or invisible

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12
Q

Disability

A

Difficulty in function at the body, personal or society levels
-one or more life domains

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13
Q

Medical model of disability

A

Disability is directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health conditions
-requires treatment from medical professionals

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14
Q

Social model of disability

A

Socially created problem, calling for political RESPONSE
-not enough ramps for wheelchair users

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15
Q

Biopsychosocial model for disability

A

Integration of medical and social

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16
Q

Shifting perspectives model

A

Perspective determine how people respond to the disease, themselves, caregivers and situations
-reality = these shift

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17
Q

A perspective is representative of

A

Beliefs, perceptions, expectations, attitudes and experience

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18
Q

Shifting perspectives model switches between

A

Illness in foreground and wellness in the foreground

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19
Q

Illness in the foreground

A

Focus on sickness, suffering, loss and burden
-destructive
-protective function to show realness of disease
-helps person learn, reflect and come to terms with disease

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20
Q

Wellness in the foreground

A

Illness as opportunity or meaning for change
-revision ing what is normal
-health is good beside disease

-self is not diseased, body is the source of identity

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21
Q

The spoon theory

A

Difference in being sick vs healthy, is having to make conscious decisions about simple life things that normally healthy people don’t worry about

22
Q

Morbitity vs morality

A

Morbitity- rate of disease in a population

Mortality- rates of death

23
Q

The state of health is repentant upon

A

Complex integration between social and economic factors
-determintents of health

24
Q

Signs vs symptoms

A

Signs- objective
Symptoms- subjective

25
Q

Chronic illness

A

Uncertain ethology, multiple risk factors, long latency, prolonged duration and non infectious origin

26
Q

Can acute and chronic illness be present at the same time

A

Yes

27
Q

Comorbitity

A

The presence of two or more chronic illnesses that are not related to each other

28
Q

Multimorbidity

A

Simultaneous occurrence of several chronic medical conditions that may or may not be related to each other

29
Q

What are some of the negative outcomes of having multiple chronic diseases

A

-decreased quality of life
-psychological distress
-longer hospital stays
-higher cost of care

30
Q

What is a major factor contributing to chronic illness

A

Lifestyle
-substance use, high bp, physical inactivity, obesity

31
Q

Best buys

A

Actions that should be undertaken to produce accelerated results in terms of lives saved and diseases prevented

32
Q

What are some examples of best buys

A

-smoke free environments
-bans on tobacco
-restricting alcohol
-reducing salt in food
-decreased trans fat

33
Q

Risk factors of chronic disease

A

-genetics
-aging
-lifestyle

34
Q

Illness behaviour

A

Varying ways individuals respond to physical symptoms
-“sick role”

35
Q

Shared decision making

A

Decision making process engaged in jointly by patients and their health care providers

36
Q

Outcome expectancy

A

The individuals belief that a specific behaviour will lead to certain outcomes

37
Q

Efficacy expectancy

A

The individuals belief that she or he is able to achieve the court once

38
Q

Vicarious experience

A

Observation of others performances from which we learn through modelling and against which we measure our own performance

39
Q

Health related hardiness

A

Buffers stress and allows people to experience a high degree of stress without falling ill

40
Q

Informal caregiver

A

Anyone who provides care without pay and has personal ties to care recipient

41
Q

Caregiver burden

A

Overall physical, emotional and financial cost of caregiving

42
Q

Illness trajectory

A

Experimental pathway which the person with an illness progresses

43
Q

Dying

A

Final days or weeks before death
-gradual/rapid shutting down of body processes

44
Q

Downward

A

Illness course characterized by rapid or gradual physical decline

45
Q

Comeback

A

gradual return to an acceptable way of life

46
Q

Crisis

A

Critical or life threatening situation needing emergency treatment or care

47
Q

Unstable

A

Period of instability to keep symptoms under control

48
Q

Stable

A

Illness course and symptoms are under control

49
Q

Pretrajectory

A

Genetic factors or lifestyle behaviours that place an individual or community at risk of development of chronic conditions

50
Q

Trajectory onset

A

Appearance of noticeable symptoms
-period of diagnostic work up

Nurs 270 (7 decks)

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