Perspectives + Agenda Setting Flashcards

1
Q

Rational Perspective

A

focuses on scientific knowledge and evidence to assess costs and benefits.
· cyclical and linear
· problems must be measured efficiently and coherently
· politics vs administration

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2
Q

Rational Perspective on Agenda Setting (3)

A
  1. reliable evidence (media & public attention)
  2. look on the longevity of the problems and their relevance over time (barrier model)
  3. bounded rationality
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3
Q

Rational Perspective on Agenda Setting Stream

A

Problem Stream by highlighting problems in a set way for policymakers to notice them so problem indicators are reinforced.

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4
Q

Political Perspective

A

based on power interests and dynamics
· network management is seen as a power tool
· policy processes are incremental rather than linear

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5
Q

Political Perspective on Agenda Setting (5)

A
  1. power decides which problems need to be included
  2. political competition and desirability (voters’ support&mobilisation of bias)
  3. Politics of Attention: problem politicisation
  4. Advocacy Coalitions
  5. policy entrepreneurs: actors trying to promote or prevent policy windows
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6
Q

Political Perspective on Agenda Setting Stream

A

Political Stream influenced by the public mood which shifts power balances.

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7
Q

Cultural Perspective

A

culture shaping policies due to social interaction & construction
· knowledge and feelings
· quality of argumentation
· subjectivity not objectivity

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8
Q

Cultural Perspective on Agenda Setting(4)

A
  1. problems are humanised, create a narrative
  2. persuasion for the problem to be implemented
  3. Policy Frame is a selective and normative way to attribute social meaning to a problem
  4. target group construction
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9
Q

Cultural Perspective on Agenda Setting Streams

A

Problem Stream because every problem will differ, despite being the same, due to different views

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10
Q

Institutional Perspective

A

institutions are melting and reshaping
· path dependency
· Rule of Law
· logic of consequences and appropriateness

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11
Q

Institutional Perspective on Agenda Setting (3)

A
  1. path dependency based on positive or negative feedback
    +: logic followed by framing or shift of agendas
    -: prevent attention of issues
  2. institutional realignment
  3. maintain policy monopoly
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12
Q

Institutional Perspective on Agenda Setting Streams

A

Policy Stream by inhibiting or providing opportunities for agenda setting

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13
Q

What is the Multiple Streams Model? (Kingdom, 1984)

A

the model argues that when the 3 streams are aligned, problems move within the agenda universe and are more likely to be considered in the agenda

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14
Q

Problem Stream

A

based on evidence impacting the way the problem is portrayed, this reinforces the attention of policymakers to focus on the problem

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15
Q

Policy Stream

A

which resources, liability and budget are allocated to address problems with existing solutions

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16
Q

Political Stream

A

problems become politicised so there is greater support from the public

17
Q

What is a window of opportunity?

A

When all three streams are simultaneously combined and problems enter into the agenda to reach solutions.

18
Q

Social Construction of Target Groups
- consequences (3) (SII)
(Cultural Perspective)

A
  1. instrumental effects: benefits/burdens
  2. symbolic effects: negative or positive images
  3. institutionalisation: images reproduced in norms and rules of bureaucrats
19
Q

Social Construction of Target Groups
- degenerative policy design (2)

A
  1. Stigmatisation: positive or negative measures reinforcing beliefs
  2. One-Man-One-Vote System: some groups receiving more attention than others