Perspectives + Agenda Setting Flashcards
Rational Perspective
focuses on scientific knowledge and evidence to assess costs and benefits.
· cyclical and linear
· problems must be measured efficiently and coherently
· politics vs administration
Rational Perspective on Agenda Setting (3)
- reliable evidence (media & public attention)
- look on the longevity of the problems and their relevance over time (barrier model)
- bounded rationality
Rational Perspective on Agenda Setting Stream
Problem Stream by highlighting problems in a set way for policymakers to notice them so problem indicators are reinforced.
Political Perspective
based on power interests and dynamics
· network management is seen as a power tool
· policy processes are incremental rather than linear
Political Perspective on Agenda Setting (5)
- power decides which problems need to be included
- political competition and desirability (voters’ support&mobilisation of bias)
- Politics of Attention: problem politicisation
- Advocacy Coalitions
- policy entrepreneurs: actors trying to promote or prevent policy windows
Political Perspective on Agenda Setting Stream
Political Stream influenced by the public mood which shifts power balances.
Cultural Perspective
culture shaping policies due to social interaction & construction
· knowledge and feelings
· quality of argumentation
· subjectivity not objectivity
Cultural Perspective on Agenda Setting(4)
- problems are humanised, create a narrative
- persuasion for the problem to be implemented
- Policy Frame is a selective and normative way to attribute social meaning to a problem
- target group construction
Cultural Perspective on Agenda Setting Streams
Problem Stream because every problem will differ, despite being the same, due to different views
Institutional Perspective
institutions are melting and reshaping
· path dependency
· Rule of Law
· logic of consequences and appropriateness
Institutional Perspective on Agenda Setting (3)
- path dependency based on positive or negative feedback
+: logic followed by framing or shift of agendas
-: prevent attention of issues - institutional realignment
- maintain policy monopoly
Institutional Perspective on Agenda Setting Streams
Policy Stream by inhibiting or providing opportunities for agenda setting
What is the Multiple Streams Model? (Kingdom, 1984)
the model argues that when the 3 streams are aligned, problems move within the agenda universe and are more likely to be considered in the agenda
Problem Stream
based on evidence impacting the way the problem is portrayed, this reinforces the attention of policymakers to focus on the problem
Policy Stream
which resources, liability and budget are allocated to address problems with existing solutions