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Psych > Personlaity Theory > Flashcards

Personlaity Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality =

A

The dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, motivations ands behaviours in various situations

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2
Q

Personality traits

A

Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself

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3
Q

Traits are…

A

Stable over time
Differ across individuals
Dimensional in nature
Building blocks of personality

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4
Q

Social learning theory

A

Learn though our interactions with other individuals placed upon expectations about how new situations will turn out ans their influence upon our behaviours

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5
Q

Social cognitive theory

A

A combination of behaviourist, social leaning theory and cognitive te theory

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6
Q

Humanistic theorist

A

Emphasize the individuals creative potential and need for personal growth

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7
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

First and only grand theory of personality

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8
Q

Assessment techniques

A

Free association
Dream analysis
Transference

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9
Q

Free association

A

free association involved the patients self-report
of whatever thoughts and memories occurred to them without any
kind of censorship

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10
Q

Dream analysis

A

Dreams were seen to be disguised attempts at wish fulfillment. The wishes were seen as
unconscious motives that are unacceptable to the individual and were nearly always erotic in nature.

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11
Q

Transference

A

relive their old conflicts and interactions with authority
figures (usually parents) in their relationship with him

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12
Q

Freud assumption of our mental life

A

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious

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13
Q

Life instincts energy

A

Libido

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14
Q

Libido

A

The psychic and pleasurable feelings associated with gratification of life instincts

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15
Q

Death instincts

A

Thanatos

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16
Q

Three systems of mind

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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17
Q

Id

A

Original aspect of personality rooted in biology, the unconscious sexual and aggressive instincts

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18
Q

How does id operate

A

Pleasure principle aim for immediate and compete discharge and satisfaction
Maximized pleasure and minimize pain

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19
Q

Ego

A

Provide realistic direction for the persons id impulses
Acts to keep the impulses of the id in check until a suitable object is found

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20
Q

Superego

A

Individuals internalization of societal values
Conscience
Ego-ideal

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21
Q

Conscience

A

Learned through the use of punishment by the parents

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22
Q

Ego-ideal

A

Learned through reward

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23
Q

Goal of superego

A

To inhibit the urges of the id and to persuade the ego to substitute moralistic goals for realistic ones and to strive for perfection

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24
Q

Anxiety types

A

Reality anxiety
Neurotic anxiety
Moral anxiety

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25
Q

Reality anxiety

A

Source of the danger lies in the external world

26
Q

Neurotic anxiety

A

Threat resides in instinctual object-choice of the id
Overwhelmed by an uncontrollable urge to commit some act or think smtg that will be harmful towards them

27
Q

Moral anxiety

A

Threat is the conscience of the super ego system
Punish by consequence for doing or thinking smtg which is contrary to standards

28
Q

Development of personality

A

Adaptations and mechanisms formed in the ego top deal with the neurotic and moral anxiety

29
Q

Defense mechanism

A

Protect person against anxiety

30
Q

Défenseur mechanisms of the ego are irrational

A

Because they distort, hide, or deny reality and hinder psychological development

31
Q

Repression

A

Preventing unpleasant experiences that are repulsive to the ego from reaching consciousness

32
Q

The driving forces repression

A

Cathexis
Anticathexiss

33
Q

Suppression attempts

A

To stop anxiety-provoking thoughts by simply not thinking about them

34
Q

Denial

A

Refusal to perceive an unpleasant events in external reality in adults

35
Q

Displacement

A

Unconscious attempto obtain gratification for id impulses by shifting them to substitués objects that would directly satisfy the impulses are not available

36
Q

Sublimation

A

Unacceptable id impulses themselves are transformed

37
Q

Projection

A

Attributing their own desirable characteristics to others

38
Q

Reaction formation

A

Conversion of an undesirable impulse into its opposite

39
Q

Intellectualisation

A

allows individuals to protect themselves against
unbearable pain. It involves dissociation between ones thoughts and feelings.

40
Q

[psychosexual development

A

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

41
Q

Dynamics of personality

A

Total personality
Psyche

42
Q

Non physical

A

Space that has its own special reality

43
Q

Psychic energy

A

A general life process energy, of which sexual urges are only one aspect

44
Q

The psyche embraces what

A

Thought
Feeling
Behaviour
Both conscious and unconscious

45
Q

The psyche interacting systems

A

Consciousness
Personal unconscious
Collective unconscious

46
Q

Conscious

A

Only part of the mind which is known directly

47
Q

Individuation

A

When your consciousness becomes individualized or differentiated from other people

48
Q

Complexes

A

Powerful in controlling thoughts and behaviours (mother complex)

49
Q

Collective unconsciousness

A

Storehouse of latent memories or our human and pre human ancestry
Consists of instincts and archetypes

50
Q

Archetypes

A

Thought-forms or ideas that give rise to visions projected onto curent experiences

51
Q

Dispositional theory

A

Measurement off traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion

52
Q

Two categories of traits

A

Common
Individual

53
Q

Individual traits (3)

A

Cardinal
Central
Secondary traits

54
Q

Cardinal traits

A

Central to the core of the personality

55
Q

Central traits

A

Characteristics that control less of a person’s behavior but are never the less important are calle

56
Q

Secondary traits

A

Individuals preferences

57
Q

Cat tell personality factors considered

A

Personality to be a pattern of traits providing the key to the understanding and predicting a persons behaviour

58
Q

Types of traits 2

A

Surface traits
Source traits

59
Q

Surface traits

A

Collection of trait elements which go together

60
Q

Source trait

A

Underlying factor that controls the variation in the surface cluster

61
Q

Hans Eysenck 3 factor model

A

Extraversion
Neuroticism
Psychoticism

62
Q

Extraversion: Traits include: sociable, lively, assertive, sensation seeking, carefree,
dominant, surgent, venturesome.
• Neuroticism: traits include anxious, depressed, guilt feelings low self-esteem, tense,
irrational, shy, moody, emotional.
• Psychoticism: traits include aggressive, cold, egocentric, impersonal, impulsive,
antisocial, unempathetic, creative, and tough-minded. Interestingly, Eysenck
postulated that those who score higher on the psychoticism dimension tended to be
more original or divergent in their thinking.

A

Psych (8 decks)

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