Personlaity Theory

Question 1

Personality =

Answer 1

The dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, motivations ands behaviours in various situations

Question 2

Personality traits

Answer 2

Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself

Question 3

Traits are…

Answer 3

Stable over time
Differ across individuals
Dimensional in nature
Building blocks of personality

Question 4

Social learning theory

Answer 4

Learn though our interactions with other individuals placed upon expectations about how new situations will turn out ans their influence upon our behaviours

Question 5

Social cognitive theory

Answer 5

A combination of behaviourist, social leaning theory and cognitive te theory

Question 6

Humanistic theorist

Answer 6

Emphasize the individuals creative potential and need for personal growth

Question 7

Sigmund Freud

Answer 7

First and only grand theory of personality

Question 8

Assessment techniques

Answer 8

Free association
Dream analysis
Transference

Question 9

Free association

Answer 9

free association involved the patients self-report
of whatever thoughts and memories occurred to them without any
kind of censorship

Question 10

Dream analysis

Answer 10

Dreams were seen to be disguised attempts at wish fulfillment. The wishes were seen as
unconscious motives that are unacceptable to the individual and were nearly always erotic in nature.

Question 11

Transference

Answer 11

relive their old conflicts and interactions with authority
figures (usually parents) in their relationship with him

Question 12

Freud assumption of our mental life

Answer 12

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious

Question 13

Life instincts energy

Answer 13

Libido

Question 14

Libido

Answer 14

The psychic and pleasurable feelings associated with gratification of life instincts

Question 15

Death instincts

Answer 15

Thanatos

Question 16

Three systems of mind

Answer 16

Id
Ego
Superego

Question 17

Id

Answer 17

Original aspect of personality rooted in biology, the unconscious sexual and aggressive instincts

Question 18

How does id operate

Answer 18

Pleasure principle aim for immediate and compete discharge and satisfaction
Maximized pleasure and minimize pain

Question 19

Ego

Answer 19

Provide realistic direction for the persons id impulses
Acts to keep the impulses of the id in check until a suitable object is found

Question 20

Superego

Answer 20

Individuals internalization of societal values
Conscience
Ego-ideal

Question 21

Conscience

Answer 21

Learned through the use of punishment by the parents

Question 22

Ego-ideal

Answer 22

Learned through reward

Question 23

Goal of superego

Answer 23

To inhibit the urges of the id and to persuade the ego to substitute moralistic goals for realistic ones and to strive for perfection

Question 24

Anxiety types

Answer 24

Reality anxiety
Neurotic anxiety
Moral anxiety

Question 25

Reality anxiety

Answer 25

Source of the danger lies in the external world

Question 26

Neurotic anxiety

Answer 26

Threat resides in instinctual object-choice of the id Overwhelmed by an uncontrollable urge to commit some act or think smtg that will be harmful towards them

Question 27

Moral anxiety

Answer 27

Threat is the conscience of the super ego system Punish by consequence for doing or thinking smtg which is contrary to standards

Question 28

Development of personality

Answer 28

Adaptations and mechanisms formed in the ego top deal with the neurotic and moral anxiety

Question 29

Defense mechanism

Answer 29

Protect person against anxiety

Question 30

Défenseur mechanisms of the ego are irrational

Answer 30

Because they distort, hide, or deny reality and hinder psychological development

Question 31

Repression

Answer 31

Preventing unpleasant experiences that are repulsive to the ego from reaching consciousness

Question 32

The driving forces repression

Answer 32

Cathexis Anticathexiss

Question 33

Suppression attempts

Answer 33

To stop anxiety-provoking thoughts by simply not thinking about them

Question 34

Denial

Answer 34

Refusal to perceive an unpleasant events in external reality in adults

Question 35

Displacement

Answer 35

Unconscious attempto obtain gratification for id impulses by shifting them to substitués objects that would directly satisfy the impulses are not available

Question 36

Sublimation

Answer 36

Unacceptable id impulses themselves are transformed

Question 37

Projection

Answer 37

Attributing their own desirable characteristics to others

Question 38

Reaction formation

Answer 38

Conversion of an undesirable impulse into its opposite

Question 39

Intellectualisation

Answer 39

allows individuals to protect themselves against unbearable pain. It involves dissociation between ones thoughts and feelings.

Question 40

[psychosexual development

Answer 40

Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital

Question 41

Dynamics of personality

Answer 41

Total personality Psyche

Question 42

Non physical

Answer 42

Space that has its own special reality

Question 43

Psychic energy

Answer 43

A general life process energy, of which sexual urges are only one aspect

Question 44

The psyche embraces what

Answer 44

Thought Feeling Behaviour Both conscious and unconscious

Question 45

The psyche interacting systems

Answer 45

Consciousness Personal unconscious Collective unconscious

Question 46

Conscious

Answer 46

Only part of the mind which is known directly

Question 47

Individuation

Answer 47

When your consciousness becomes individualized or differentiated from other people

Question 48

Complexes

Answer 48

Powerful in controlling thoughts and behaviours (mother complex)

Question 49

Collective unconsciousness

Answer 49

Storehouse of latent memories or our human and pre human ancestry Consists of instincts and archetypes

Question 50

Archetypes

Answer 50

Thought-forms or ideas that give rise to visions projected onto curent experiences

Question 51

Dispositional theory

Answer 51

Measurement off traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion

Question 52

Two categories of traits

Answer 52

Common Individual

Question 53

Individual traits (3)

Answer 53

Cardinal Central Secondary traits

Question 54

Cardinal traits

Answer 54

Central to the core of the personality

Question 55

Central traits

Answer 55

Characteristics that control less of a person’s behavior but are never the less important are calle

Question 56

Secondary traits

Answer 56

Individuals preferences

Question 57

Cat tell personality factors considered

Answer 57

Personality to be a pattern of traits providing the key to the understanding and predicting a persons behaviour

Question 58

Types of traits 2

Answer 58

Surface traits Source traits

Question 59

Surface traits

Answer 59

Collection of trait elements which go together

Question 60

Source trait

Answer 60

Underlying factor that controls the variation in the surface cluster

Question 61

Hans Eysenck 3 factor model

Answer 61

Extraversion Neuroticism Psychoticism

Question 62

Extraversion: Traits include: sociable, lively, assertive, sensation seeking, carefree, dominant, surgent, venturesome. • Neuroticism: traits include anxious, depressed, guilt feelings low self-esteem, tense, irrational, shy, moody, emotional. • Psychoticism: traits include aggressive, cold, egocentric, impersonal, impulsive, antisocial, unempathetic, creative, and tough-minded. Interestingly, Eysenck postulated that those who score higher on the psychoticism dimension tended to be more original or divergent in their thinking.