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Psych > Intro to psych > Flashcards

Intro to psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology uses methods which attempt to minimize (4)

A

1.biases
2.preconceptions
3.personal beliefs
4.emotions

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2
Q

Goals of psych

A
  1. Description
  2. Explanation
  3. Prediction
  4. Influence
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3
Q

Description

A

Must take accurate notes about the behaviours or situations we observe

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4
Q

Explanation

A

understanding of the conditions under which is given behaviour or mental process occurs

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5
Q

Prediction

A

Understanding of the conditions under which is given behaviour or mental process occurs

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6
Q

Influence

A

To prevent unwanted occurrences or to bring about desired changes

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7
Q

Functions of a theory

A

organizes facts
Guides research

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8
Q

Theory is always

A

falsifiable

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9
Q

Falsifiable

A

Contains the seed of its own destruction

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10
Q

Two types of research

A

Basic and applied

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11
Q

Basic research

A

Description
Explanation
Prediction

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12
Q

Psychological research types

A

Descriptive
Correlational
Experimental

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13
Q

Descriptive research

A

Observational
Case study
Survey

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14
Q

Observational research designs differ with respect to

A

Degree to which an observer intervenes
Way in which that behaviours is recorded

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15
Q

Application of case study

A

rare phenomena
Unusual clinical cases

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16
Q

Survey

A

behavioural science

17
Q

Correlation does not equal cause

A
18
Q

Experimental research method

A

Manipulate one or two main variables
Isolate the two variables

19
Q

experimental study contains 4 basic elements

A

MCMC
Manipulation
Control
Measurement
Comparison

20
Q

Responsibilities for researchers

A

individuals who participate
Discipline of science

21
Q

Nuremberg code

A

Groundwork for the ethical standards

22
Q

Nuremberg code requirements

A

capacity to consent
Freedom fo coercion
Freedom to withdraw from participation
Comprehension of the risk and benefits involved

23
Q

Structuralism

A

Analyzing the basic elements or the structure of conscious mental experience

24
Q

Functionalism

A

Considers mental life and behaviour in terms of active adaptation to the persons environment

25
Q

Wundt known as what

A

founder of psychology

26
Q

Wundt mental experiences

A

reduced to basic elements

27
Q

What did functionalism bring

A

broadened scope of psychology to include behaviour as well as mental processes

28
Q

Gestalt objected to structuralism

A

Gestalt psychology emphasized that individuals
perceive objects and patterns as whole units, and that the whole thus perceived is more than the
sum of its parts.

29
Q

Bahviorism; never mind the mind

A

It assumes that all behavior are either reflexes produced by a response to certain stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual’s history, including reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual’s current motivational state and controlling stimuli.

30
Q

Watson

A

Methodological béhaviorism

31
Q

Humanistic / existential perspectives

A

Primary study of psychology should be experiencing a person
Choice, creativity and self realization, rather than mechanistic reductionism
Only personally ans socially significant problems should be studied- significance, not
objectivity, is the watchword.
* 4. The major concern of psychology should be the dignity and enhancement of people.

32
Q

Humanistic psych

A

focuses on uniqueness of human beings and their capacity for choice, growth and psychological health

33
Q

Cognitive Psychology: focusing on Mental Processes

A

focuses on mental
processes such as memory, problem solving, concept formation, reasoning and
decision making, language, and perception.

34
Q

Evolutionary Perspective

A

examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary
perspective.

35
Q

Sociocultural Perspective

A

describe awareness of circumstances
surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are affected specifically
by their surrounding, social and cultural factors

Psych (8 decks)

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