Intro to psych

Question 1

Psychology uses methods which attempt to minimize (4)

Answer 1

1.biases
2.preconceptions
3.personal beliefs
4.emotions

Question 2

Goals of psych

Answer 2

1. Description
2. Explanation
3. Prediction
4. Influence

Question 3

Description

Answer 3

Must take accurate notes about the behaviours or situations we observe

Question 4

Explanation

Answer 4

understanding of the conditions under which is given behaviour or mental process occurs

Question 5

Prediction

Answer 5

Understanding of the conditions under which is given behaviour or mental process occurs

Question 6

Influence

Answer 6

To prevent unwanted occurrences or to bring about desired changes

Question 7

Functions of a theory

Answer 7

organizes facts
Guides research

Question 8

Theory is always

Answer 8

falsifiable

Question 9

Falsifiable

Answer 9

Contains the seed of its own destruction

Question 10

Two types of research

Answer 10

Basic and applied

Question 11

Basic research

Answer 11

Description
Explanation
Prediction

Question 12

Psychological research types

Answer 12

Descriptive
Correlational
Experimental

Question 13

Descriptive research

Answer 13

Observational
Case study
Survey

Question 14

Observational research designs differ with respect to

Answer 14

Degree to which an observer intervenes
Way in which that behaviours is recorded

Question 15

Application of case study

Answer 15

rare phenomena
Unusual clinical cases

Question 16

Survey

Answer 16

behavioural science

Question 17

Correlation does not equal cause

Question 18

Experimental research method

Answer 18

Manipulate one or two main variables
Isolate the two variables

Question 19

experimental study contains 4 basic elements

Answer 19

MCMC
Manipulation
Control
Measurement
Comparison

Question 20

Responsibilities for researchers

Answer 20

individuals who participate
Discipline of science

Question 21

Nuremberg code

Answer 21

Groundwork for the ethical standards

Question 22

Nuremberg code requirements

Answer 22

capacity to consent
Freedom fo coercion
Freedom to withdraw from participation
Comprehension of the risk and benefits involved

Question 23

Structuralism

Answer 23

Analyzing the basic elements or the structure of conscious mental experience

Question 24

Functionalism

Answer 24

Considers mental life and behaviour in terms of active adaptation to the persons environment

Question 25

Wundt known as what

Answer 25

founder of psychology

Question 26

Wundt mental experiences

Answer 26

reduced to basic elements

Question 27

What did functionalism bring

Answer 27

broadened scope of psychology to include behaviour as well as mental processes

Question 28

Gestalt objected to structuralism

Answer 28

Gestalt psychology emphasized that individuals perceive objects and patterns as whole units, and that the whole thus perceived is more than the sum of its parts.

Question 29

Bahviorism; never mind the mind

Answer 29

It assumes that all behavior are either reflexes produced by a response to certain stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including reinforcement and punishment, together with the individual's current motivational state and controlling stimuli.

Question 30

Watson

Answer 30

Methodological béhaviorism

Question 31

Humanistic / existential perspectives

Answer 31

Primary study of psychology should be experiencing a person Choice, creativity and self realization, rather than mechanistic reductionism Only personally ans socially significant problems should be studied- significance, not objectivity, is the watchword. * 4. The major concern of psychology should be the dignity and enhancement of people.

Question 32

Humanistic psych

Answer 32

focuses on uniqueness of human beings and their capacity for choice, growth and psychological health

Question 33

Cognitive Psychology: focusing on Mental Processes

Answer 33

focuses on mental processes such as memory, problem solving, concept formation, reasoning and decision making, language, and perception.

Question 34

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 34

examines psychological structure from a modern evolutionary perspective.

Question 35

Sociocultural Perspective

Answer 35

describe awareness of circumstances surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are affected specifically by their surrounding, social and cultural factors