Personality Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of psychological models?

A

Descriptive models
Traits and values
Process
Psychodynamics and social cognitive theory

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2
Q

What are the three parts of Psychoanalytic theory?

A

Id: Instinctual nature of humans
Ego: rational and objective
Superego: internalized moral standards

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3
Q

What is the lexical approach to trait theory?

A

An extensive list of adjectives that described people. Participants rated themselves on these adjectives. Statistical analysis identified which adjectives corresponded with one another.

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4
Q

What is the Big Five trait model?

A
Openness to experience
Intellectual curiosity and independence
Conscientiousness
Organised, persistent and dependable
Extroversion
Outgoing and sociable
Agreeableness
Compassionate and trusting of others
Neuroticism
emotionally variable and impulsive
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5
Q

What is the main criticism of the Big Five?

A

It doesn’t account for darker behaviours. Doesn’t predict criminal intent very well.

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6
Q

What is the Dark Triad?

A

Psychopathy
egocentrism, superficial charm, lacking empathy, lacking guilt
Narcissism
love for the self far stronger than love for others; perceptions of self-superiority and entitlement
Machiavellianism.
Manipulative, deceitful, usually for personal gain

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7
Q

What is the FFM for Psychopathy?

A

Higher Openness, lower Conscientiousness, higher Extroversion, lower Agreeableness, lower Neuroticism

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8
Q

What is the FFM for Narcissism

A

Higher Openness, higher Extroversion, lower Agreeableness

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9
Q

What is the FFM for Machiavellianism?

A

Lower Conscientiousness, lower Agreeableness

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10
Q

Why was HEXACO introduced? What is the additional trait?

A

To correct for the lack of dark behaviours in the Five Factor model. Honesty-humility.

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11
Q

What does context dependence describe?

A

Personality traits don’t always predict how an individual will behave in ALL situations.

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12
Q

What are the resolutions for context dependence?

A

Interactionism
Traits and situations interact

Aggregation
Traits are poor predictors of single behaviours
Better at predicting how people are likely to behave in aggregate

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13
Q

What are other metods of measuring personality?

A

Big data methods
Analysing online activity to measure personality traits
Twitter: text analysis/Facebook likes

Projective Measures
Thematic Apperception Test
Rorschach Inkblot Test

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