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Psychology > Personality: Psychodynamic Approach > Flashcards

Personality: Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Sigmund Freud was born in

A

Austria in 1856 and died in London in 1939

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2
Q

Frued was a

A

Medical doctor treating nervous disorders and his theory developed from clinical experience

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3
Q

Frued was an

A

Influential figure of the 20th century

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4
Q

Frued believed cause of illness may be

A

Psychogenic

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5
Q

Origins of psychoanalytic thought

A

Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes- brutish nature of humans and also

Physics of Hermann Von Helmholtz-conservation of energy- energy will “seek” an outlet

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6
Q

Basic assumption was that mind was in three parts

A

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious

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7
Q

Mind in three parts was

A

Frueds view of the human mind- the mental iceberg

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8
Q

Conscious level was

A

Thoughts and perceptions

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9
Q

Pre conscious level was

A

Memories and stored knowledge

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10
Q

Unconscious level was

A 
Fears
Violent motives
Immoral urges
Selfish needs
Shameful experiences
Irrational wishes 
Unacceptable sexual desires
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11
Q

Freudian personality theory involved

A

Structure
Dynamics
Development

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12
Q

Structure of personality includes

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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13
Q

The ID operates

A

To the pleasure principle

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14
Q

Ego is

A

Reality principle

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15
Q

Superego is

A

Morality principle-internalised code of conduct

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16
Q

There is interaction between

A

Id, ego and superego

17
Q

Dynamics of personality involves

A

Types of anxiety and defence mechanisms

18
Q

What are the three types of anxiety?

A

Objective
Neurotic
Moral

19
Q

What are the five defence mechanisms?

A 
Repression
Denial
Projection
Displacement
Reaction formation
20
Q

Development of personality is a

A

Series of stages and each stage involves a conflict

21
Q

Adult personality depends if how

A

Child resolved conflicts- “the child is father to the man”

22
Q

In development of personality, theory of infantile sexuality

A

Erogenous zones-become focus of sexual pleasure and frustration -failure to resolve conflict leads to fixation

23
Q

What are the five psychosexual stages?

A 
Oral stage- 0 to 18 months
Anal stage- 18 months to three years
Phallic stage- three to five years
Latency stage- six years to puberty
Genital stage- puberty to adulthood
24
Q

Nature of freuds evidence: psychic determinism

A

Nothing happens by chance(motivated unconscious)
The psychopathology of everyday life
“Mistakes that betray”

25
Q

What is parapraxis (Freudian slip)?

A

A minor error in speech or action
Not random
Fulfilment of unconscious wished, e.g to close the meeting (Freud did this)

26
Q

Interpretations of dreams

A

Dreams as “loyal road to the unconscious”
Manifest content vs latent content
Ego uses symbols to represent meaning

27
Q

Concerns about psychodynamic evidence

A

The problem of interpretation

Empirical evidence for Freudian concepts is mixed

28
Q

Repression

A

The essence of repression lies simply in turning something away and keeping it at a distance, from the conscious…
Freud, 1915

29
Q

Testing freuds repression hypothesis: levinger and Clark (1961)

A

Participants shown negatively charged words-e.g quarrel, angry,fear
And neutral words-e.g window, cow, tree

Free association task

30
Q

Psychodynamic formulations after Freud

A

Ego psychology (Anna Freud, Erikson, horney)- emphasis on skills and adaptive capacities of the ego

Object relations theory (fairbairn, winnicott, Klein)

Attachment theory (bowlby, ainsworth)

31
Q

Ego psychology: hierarchy of defence mechanisms

A

Coping patterns (or adaptive styles) can be classified:

Humour, suppression,altruism
Repression, reaction formation projection,
Hypochondria, emotional outburst denial, distortion

32
Q

See slides for study

A

In photos

33
Q

Contributions to psychodynamic approach

A 
Theory remains controversial
Opinions on theory differ dramatically
Impressive in scope and influence
Massive impact on psychology and beyond
No shortage of general criticisms
Also specific criticisms of theory

Psychology (8 decks)

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