personality intro Flashcards
total of our cognitive, emotional and behavioral characteristics
personality
total of all the behavior and habits we use in fulfilling our needs
personality
a mega scheme that we use to interpret the world
personality
the history of the interest in personality and various body types:
BC3000
echo, meso and endomorph
the history of the interest in personality and various body types:
BC 400, AD 140-150
body fluids
yellow bile, black bile, blood, phlegm
the history of the interest in personality and various body types:
1940s
body types
ecto, meso, endomorph
freudian personality types
oral/anal/ohallic
jungian personality types
myers briggs temperaments
extrovert, introvert
Meyer Friedman personality type
type a/b
block personality type
adaptive and resilient
extremely controlling
Impulsive
impulsive personality type: emotional styles
low level self awareness, unfocused attention
patient personality type: emotional styles
high level self awareness, sensitivity to context
shy personality type: emotional style
low level resiliency, low level sensitivity to context
anxious personality type: emotional style
low level resiliency, negative outlook, high level self awareness, unfocused attention
optimist personality type: emotional style
high level resiliency, positive outlook
pessimist/unhappy personality type: emotional style
low level resiliency, negative outlook
personality theory
describes and explains how people are similar, how they are different, and why every individual is unique
major theoretical perspectives on personality
psychoanalytic
humanistic
social cognitive
trait
theories developed to explain the development of personality
psychodynamic approach
humanistic-existential approach
cognitive-behavioral approach
approaches that do not have a major development theory
behavioristic
trait approach
art of personality theories
assessment, psychometric, projective tests
personality assessments
reliability, validity, objectivity
psychometric test
MMPI, self report
proactive tests
rorschach inkblot
thematic apperception
understanding psychological tests
assess a persons abilities, aptitudes, interests or personality on the basis of a systematically obtained sample of behavior
any psychological test is useful insofar as it achieves two basic goals
accurately and consistently reflect a persons characteristic on some demension
predicts a persons future psychological functioning or behavior
type of personality test that involves a persons interpretation of an ambiguous image
projective tests
proactive tests used to assess
unconscious motives, conflicts, psychological defenses, personality traits
rorhach inkblot test
revel contents of the unconscious
thematic apperception test
projective
creating stories about ambiguous scenes
in thematic apperception test, the person is thought to
project their own motives, conflicts, other personality characteristics
thematic apperception test interpretation involves
subjective judgement of examiner
strengths of projective tests
provision of qualitative information about individuals psychological function
information can facilitate psychotherapy
limitations of projective tests
influence of testing situation or examiners behavior
highly subjective scoring
failure to produce consistent results
poor at predicting future behavior
objective personality test scored by
comparing persons answers to standardized norms collected on large groups of people
strengths of self-report inventories
standardization
use of established norms
greater reliability and validity than projective test
limitations of self-report inventories
deliberate deception possible
set way of responding may occur
inaccuracy in self-behavior judgement
MMPI
self-report inventory that assesses personality characteristics and psychological disorders in normal and disturbed populations
CPI
self report inventory that assesses personality characteristics in normal populations
CPI profiles used to
predict HS and college grades, delinquency, job performance
MBTI assigns
1 of 16 personality types by measuring preferred way of dealing with information, making decisions, and interacting with others
limitations of MBTI
lack of evidence to support existence of 16 personality types
problems with reliability and validity
concern about interpreting MBTI results
