Personality Disorders

Question 1

4 Spheres of Personality

Answer 1

Cognition
Affectivity
Interpersonal Functioning
Impulse Control

Question 2

Characteristics of a Disordered Personality

Answer 2

Deficits in 2 of 4 spheres
Pervasive across Social situations
Stable pattern with onset in adolescence or early adulthood
Clinically significant
Not better accounted for by another mental disorder or substance

Question 3

Personality Disorders are grouped into 3 different clusters

Answer 3

1. Odd and Eccentric
2. Dramatic and Emotional
3. Anxious and Fearful

Question 4

Cluster A

Answer 4

Odd and Eccentric

• Paranoid
• Schizoid
• Schizotypal
• All may be premorbid (Schizophrenia)

Question 5

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer 5

Pervasive Distrust and Suspiciousness

Increased prevalence among relatives of schizophrenics

Question 6

Schizoid Personality Disorder (SPD)

Answer 6

Emotionally detached from social relationships
Restricted range of emotions in interpersonal settings
NO DESIRE for close relationships
HERMIT

Question 7

Schizotypal Personality Disorder (StPD)

Answer 7

Discomfort with close relationships
Eccentricities of behavior
“Magical Thinking”

Question 8

Cluster B

Answer 8

Dramatic and Emotional

• Antisocial
• Borderline
• Histrionic
• Narcissistic

Question 9

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 9

Disregard for and violation of the rights of others
At least 18 years old
Onset of Conduct Disorder before 15

Question 10

Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer 10

Instability in Relationships
      Impulsivity
Defense Mechanisms
   Affective Instability
   Suicidal Behavior, Gestures
   Dissociation

Question 11

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Answer 11

Excessive and superficial emotionally
Powerful need for attention
Dissociation…Temporary displacement of an unpleasant mood state with a more pleasant one
Users of dissociation are often seen as dramatizing and emotionally shallow

Question 12

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Answer 12

Extremely low self-esteem
Need for admiration
Grandiosity
Lack of Empathy

Question 13

Cluster C

Answer 13

Anxious and Fearful

• Avoidant
• Dependent
• Obsessive Compulsive

Question 14

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answer 14

Avoidance
Desire for close relationships but has social inhibition
Avoid relationships because of anxiety from sense of inadequacy.

Question 15

Positive vs Negative Reinforcement

Answer 15

Positive Reinforcement- Adding something to increase behavior

Negative Reinforcement- Taking something away to increase behavior

Question 16

Positive vs Negative Punishment

Answer 16

Positive Punishment- Adding something to decrease behavior

Neg. Punishment- Taking something away to decrease behavior

Question 17

Dependent Personality Disorder

Answer 17

Excess need to be taken care of
Submissive and clinging behavior
Defense against aggression; fear of separation

May remit with Age

Question 18

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)

Answer 18

Pattern of inflexible defense mechanisms
Isolation
Undoing
Reaction Formation