Personality Disorders

Question 1

Paranoid 6 symptoms ( 4 or more)

Answer 1

-Pervasive unjustified suspiciousness of being harmed, deceived, or exploited -Unwarranted doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates -Reluctance to confide in others because of suspiciousness -The tendency to read hidden meanings into the innocuous actions of others - Bears grudges for perceived wrongs - Unwarranted suspiciousness of the fidelity of partner

Question 2

Biological causes of Paranoid

Answer 2

Are unknown, Possible but unclear link with Schizophrenia.

Question 3

Psychological influence of Paranoid

Answer 3

Thoughts that people are malicious, deceptive and threatening. Behaviour based on mistaken assumptions about others.

Question 4

Socio-cultural influences of Paranoid

Answer 4

Outsiders may be more susceptible because of unique experiences like prisoners, refugees. Parent’s early teaching may influence. (that the world is a dangerous place)

Question 5

Treatment options

Answer 5

Few seek professional treatment. treatment focuses on developing trust. Cognitive therapy to counter negative thinking. Lack of good outcome studies.

Question 6

Schzoid Personality DIsorder ( 4 or more) out of 7

Answer 6

● Lack of desire for close relationships ● Almost always prefers solitude to companionship ● Lack of friends ● Little interest in sex ● Few or no pleasurable activities ● Indifference to praise or criticism from others ● Flat affect, emotional detachment

Question 7

Biological causes of Schizoid

Answer 7

Low density of dopamine receptors

Question 8

Schizoid psychological

Answer 8

Limited range of emotions

cold and unconnected Unaffected by praise or criticism

Question 9

Social/Cultural schzoid

Answer 9

Lack of social skills prefer solitude lack of interest in close relationships romantic or sexual.

Question 10

Treatment for Schizoid

Answer 10

value on interpersonal relationship

few people seek out professional treatement building empathy and social skills

Question 11

Similarity of schzotypal?

Answer 11

Well, they are socially isolated like schzoid but have other eccentric things.

Question 12

Schzotypal Cormobid with what ?

Answer 12

Avoidant and paranoid

Question 13

Schzotypal Personality Disorder (5/9)

Answer 13

Ideas of reference ● Ideas of Reference ● Lack of close friends ● Peculiar beliefs or magical thinking, e.g., read ppl’s mind ● Unusual perceptions, e.g., distorted feelings about one’s body ● Peculiar patterns of thought and speech ● Suspiciousness or paranoia ● Inappropriate or restricted affect ● Odd or eccentric behavior or appearance ● Anxiety around other people does not diminish with familiarity

Question 14

Similarity of schzotypal?

Answer 14

Well, they are socially isolated like schzoid but have other eccentric things.

Question 15

Schzoid Personality DIsorder ( 4 or more) out of 7

Answer 15

● Lack of desire for close relationships ● Almost always prefers solitude to companionship ● Lack of friends ● Little interest in sex ● Few or no pleasurable activities ● Indifference to praise or criticism from others ● Flat affect, emotional detachment

Question 16

Similarity of schzotypal?

Answer 16

Well, they are socially isolated like schzoid but have other eccentric things.

Question 17

Social/Cultural for schizotypal

Answer 17

Preference for social isolation

Excessive social anxiety

Lack of social skills

Question 18

Biological of Schizotypal

Answer 18

Genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia but without biological or environmental stresses present in that disorder

Question 19

Psychological Shizotypal

Answer 19

Unusual beliefs, behaviour or dress Suspiciousness ideas of reference expressing little emotions Symptoms of MDD

Question 20

Schizotypal Treatment

Answer 20

Main focus on developing social skills

Treatment also addresses depression medical treatment is similar to schizophrenia.

Question 21

What are the symptoms of Anti-social personality disorder?

Answer 21

• Age at least 18
• Evidence of conduct disorder before age 15
• Pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others since the age of 15 as shown by at least three of the following:
  1. Repeated law-breaking
  2. Deceitfulness, lying
  3. Impulsivity
  4. Irritability and aggressiveness
  5. Reckless disregard for own safety and that of others
  6. Irresponsibility as seen in unreliable employment or financial history
  7. Lack of remorse

Question 22

What are the biological causes of anti-social?

Answer 22

Genetic vulnerability combined with environmental influences.

Abnormally low cortical arousals

Higher fear threshold.

Question 23

Psychological Anti-social

Answer 23

Difficulty learning to avoid punishments

Indifferent to concerns of others.

Question 24

Social Cultural Anti-social

Answer 24

Criminality

Stress

Exposure to trauma

Inconsistent parental discipline

Socio-economic disadvantage

Question 25

Borderline Personality Disorder (4 or more)

Answer 25

Frantic efforts to avoid

abandonment

● Unstable interpersonal

relationships in which others

are either idealized or devalued

● Unstable sense of self

● Self-damaging, impulsive

behaviors in at least two areas,

such as spending, sex,

substance abuse, reckless

driving, binge eating

● Recurrent suicidal behavior,

gestures, or self-injurious

behavior (e.g., cutting self)

● Chronic feelings of emptiness

● Recurrent bouts of intense or

poorly controlled anger

● During stress, a tendency to

experience transient paranoid

thoughts and dissociative

symptoms

Question 26

Histronic

Answer 26

Presence of five or more of the

following shown in many contexts

by early adulthood:

● Strong need to be the center of

attention

● Inappropriate sexually

seductive behavior

● Rapidly shifting expression of

emotions

● Use of physical appearance to

draw attention to self

● Speech that is excessively

impressionistic and lacking in

detail

● Exaggerated, theatrical

emotional expression

● Overly suggestible

● Misreads relationships as more

intimate than they are

Question 27

avoidant

Answer 27

A pervasive pattern of social

inhibition, feelings of inadequacy,

and hypersensitivity to criticism

as shown by four or more of

the following starting in early

adulthood in many contexts:

● Avoidance of occupational

activities that involve significant

interpersonal contact, because

of fears of criticism or

disapproval

● Unwilling to get involved with

people unless certain of being

liked

● Restrained in intimate

relationships because of the

fear of being shamed or

ridiculed

● Preoccupation with being

criticized or rejected

● Inhibited in new interpersonal

situations because of feelings

of inadequacy

● Views self as socially inept or

inferior

● Unusually reluctant to try new

activities because they may prove embarrasing

Question 28

Dependent

Answer 28

● Difficulty making decisions

without excessive advice and

reassurance from others

● Need for others to take

responsibility for most major

areas of life

● Difficulty disagreeing with others

for fear of losing their support

● Difficulty doing things on own

because of lack of selfconfidence

● Doing unpleasant things as a

way to obtain the approval and

support of others

● Feelings of helplessness when

alone because of lack of

confidence in ability to handle

things without others

● Urgently seeking new

relationship when one ends

● Preoccupation with fears of

having to take

Question 29

Obsessive compulsive

Answer 29

Preoccupation with rules,

details, and organization to the

extent that the point of an

activity is lost

● Extreme perfectionism

interferes with task completion

● Excessive devotion to work to

the exclusion of leisure and

friendships

● Inflexibility about morals and

values

● Difficulty discarding worthless

items

● Reluctance to delegate unless

others conform to one’s

standards

● Miserliness

● Rigidity and stubbornness