Personality Disorders Flashcards
DSM-IV
Diagnostic and statistical manual of the American psychiatric association (4th addition)
-standard nomenclature of psychopathology in mental health
Personality disorder
- enDuring pattern of inner experience and behavior with 5 characteristics
1. Deviates from culture
2. Pervasive, inflexible
3. Onset of adolescence/early adulthood
4. Stable over time
5. Leads to other significant distress or impairment in social occupational role functioning
Narcissistic personality disorder
- person can still function
- grandiose sense of self importance
- preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success
- power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love
- believes they are special, unique
- excessive admiration
- self entitlement
- lacks empathy
- exploitative
- envious
- arrogant
Similarities btwn antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy
Both involve combo of personal traits and socially deviant behaviors
Antisocial personality disorder
Pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of rights of others
- law violations
- impulsivity
- aggressiveness
- disregard for safety
- irresponsible
- lack of remorse
- behavior based
- 75% of people in prison
Psychopathy
- more extreme that antisocial personality disorder
- focused on personality
- fundamental incapability for love or true friendship
- 15-20% of people in prison
- ie Paul and Karla - murderers
Hate psychopathy checklist
- glibness/superficial charm
- grandiose sense of self-worth
- need for stimulation
- pathological lying
- conning, manipulative
- lack of remorse
- shallow effect
- callous, lack of empathy
- ie video of guy from jail for coke and robbing people
2 theories of psychopathy
- Lykkens low fear hypothesis
- newmans response modulation hypothesis
Lykkens low fear hypothesis
- poor fear conditioning
- intensive punishment cues
- poor socialization bc of no fear
- poor attachment bc they don’t need comfort
- dont respond to fear normally
Newmans response modulation hypothesis
- see reward, ignore fear cues
- more specific than Lykkens model
- insensitive to punishment cues when they are peripheral (not the focus)
- insensitive to emotionally neutral cues
- immediate action on urges
- modulation
- no amygdala activation
Part of brain deactivated in psychopathy
-amygdala
Stroop test
Peripheral cues slow down people who are not psychopathic
-give people animals with different names
Video-the psychopathic brain
- SPECT: inject radioactive tracers and observe brains
- normal: activation all over, frontal and right; processing negative info
- psychopath-occipital cortex activated; task processed in visual cortex
- everything is superficial
- don’t use those parts even though they can
Histrionic personality disorder
- constant attention seeking
- grandiose language, provocative dress, gain attention
- believes everyone loves them
- emotional, lively dramatic
- onstage
- shallow
Borderline personality disorder
- unstable moods and intense stormy personal relationships
- self-mutilation
- suicide
- self-image fluctuates
- frequent mood change
