Personality Disorders Flashcards
what are the main Cluster A Personality Disorders?
- Paranoid personality disorder
- Schizoid personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder
Characteristics of Cluster A Personality Disorders
“mad”
- Eccentric (odd or unusual beliefs and thought process)
- Social isolation and detachment
- Suspicious and anxious
Characteristics of Schizotypal Personality Disorder
- magical thinking ( think they are psychic)
- derealization
- perceptual distortions
- rigid, peculiar ideas
- firm belief in their interpretation of events
What are the main Cluster B Personality Disorders?
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Borderline Personality Disorder
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Characteristics of Cluster B personality Disorders
“Bad”
dramatic
emotional
erratic
What are some problems people with Cluster B personalty disorder may have?
- impulse control
- emotion processing and regulation
- interpersonal difficulties
- poor insight to these issues
- might be: entitled, or desperate
- acting out
- committing antisocial acts
- manipulating people or circumstances
Antisocial Personality Disorder: Antagonist Behaviours?
- deceit
- manipulativeness for personal gain
- hostility if person’s needs are blocked
Antisocial Personality Disorder: Disinhibited behaviours
- high risk taking
- disregard for responsibility
- impulsivity
Characteristics of Antisocial personality Disorders
- As children they may have shown no remorse for hurting others and tended to cause problems. They continually neglect responsibilities, tell lies and perform destructive or illegal acts without developing any insight to consequences.
- Struggle with intimacy because they exploit others to benefit themselves
They search for power or pleasure and look to support only themselves - Tend to get into trouble because of high risk behaviours
Characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder
- severe impairment in functioning
- high mortality rate (approx 30%)
- extensive utilization of health care services
- unstable interpretation of relationships
- instability in emotion regulations
- Splitting **
- identity of self image distortions
- unstable mood
what does Antagonism look like?
- hostility
- anger
- irritability in relationships
- manipulativeness
- callousness
- deceitfulness
Self soothing habits of borderline personality disorder
cutting promiscuity numbing with substances ** could lead to accidental death ** Chronic suicide
what is Splitting?
primary defense or coping mechanisms for people with BPD, the inability to incorporate positive and negative aspects of oneself or others into a while image.
“all or nothing”
ie. the person may idealize and new friend and then this friend fails them, so they become frustrated or disappointed.
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
-arrogance (grandiose view of self importance)
-need to constant admiration
-lack of empathy for others (weird relationships)
-personally entitled
-may result in exploitation of others (especially vulnerable people)
→ under this skin they are ashamed and afraid of abandonment, afraid of their own mistakes, they might seek help for depression because they might think their family isn’t giving themselves enough attention.
Types of Cluster C Personality Disorder?
- Avoidant personality disorders
- dependent personality disorders
- obsessive personality disorder
Characteristics of Cluster C Personality Disorders?
“sad”
- anxiety
- fearful behaviours
- social shyness
- hypersensitivity
- need for orderliness
- relationship dependency
Characteristics of Avoidant Personality disorder
- extreme sensitivity to rejection
- Avoid interpersonal situations
- timid temper in childhood
- poor self confidence
- misinterpret peoples feedback because of rejection
Characteristics of Obsessive- Compulsive Personality disorder?
- highest burden of medical costs
- rigid and inflexible standards of self and others
- persistence to goals long after necessary (even if self defeating)
- have genuine affection for friends and family but do not have insight about their own behaviour.
- fearful of imminent catastrophe
- not full blown obsessions or compulsions
Factors that influence the development of Borderline personality disorder?
- early abandonment
- unstable view of self and others
- biological predisposition
which personality disorders are influenced by genetics?
- schizotypal, antisocial, Obsessive- compulsive, avoidant (may be from social phobia genetics)
which personality disorder is influenced by childhood neglect and criticism?
Narcissitic
which personality disorder is influenced by parental and peer rejection?
avoidant personality disorder
which personality disorder is influenced by excessive parental criticism, control and shame?
Obsessive- compulsive personality disorder
Assessment Guidelines of personality disorder
- assess suicide and homicidal thoughts
- is it a medical disorder causing the symptoms?
- what affect does their culture, ethicnicity and social background have on personality functioning
- have they experienced a recent important death or loss
- substance abuse?
- recent change in personality in middle adulthood or later
Antisocial suggested therapies
- more responsive to psychotherapy when hospitalized than in prison
- careful with addictive meds
- meds can be good for depression, anxiety and rage
- anitconvulsives may help impulsiveness
- provide clear boundaries and the consequences
- reduce manipulation by documenting
Avoidant therapies
- be friendly and accepting (dont push into social situations)
- group therapy
- assertiveness training (Fluttershy)
- antidepressants and antianxieties
Borderline therapies
- DVT
- set realistic goals
- watch for manipulation
- avoid rejecting or rescuing
- set clear boundaries and consequences
- watch for suicidal ideation
- individual psychotherapy
- dialectical behaviour therapy
- group therapy
- antipsychotics for anger
- antianxieties and antidepressants
Narcissistic therapies
- remain neutral, dont engage in power struggles
- psychotherapy only after they recognize narcissism
- group therapy
- lithium
Obsessive- compulsive therapies
- guard against power struggles, they really want power and control
- give insight and support
- SSRIs
Schizotypal therapies
- respect their need for isolation
- be aware of their suspiciousness
- CBT
- group therapy
- low does antipsychotics and antidepressants
Borderline personality Disorder (IMPULSIVE)
I- impulsive M- moody P- paranoid under stress U-unstable self image L- labile intense relationships S- suicidal I- inappropriate anger V- vulnerable to abandonment E- emptiness
traits of all personality disorders
Lack of insight – impact on self and others
External response to stress – try to change envmt instead of themselves
Failure to accept consequences of behaviour
Some distortion of reality
