Crisis and stress response Flashcards
General Adaption Sydrome (GAS)
- alarm (acute stress)- fight or flight
- Resistance (adaption stage)
- Exhaustion Stage
Distress
negative, draining energy that results in anxiety, depression, confusion, helplessness
eurstress
positive, beneficial energy that motivates and results in feelings of happiness, hopefulness, and purposeful movement
what is crisis
an acute state of psychological imbalance resulting in poor coping with evidence and distress and functional impairment
two necessary parts to identify crisis
- their perception of the event as the cause of considerable upset, disruption or both
- individuals inability to resolve the disruption by previously used coping mechanisms
what is coping?
finding ways to accomplish goals despite obstacles and challenges
coping methods
thinking, behavioural, and emotional processes individuals use to support functioning in the face of stressors
goals of crisis intervention
- stabilization of the situation
2 rapid resolution of the crisis experience - prevention of further deterioration or trauma
- achievement of at least precrisis level of functioning
- promotion of effective problem solving, realistic understanding of the experience
- restoring self belief and independence
3 types of crisis
- maturational crisis
- situational crisis
- disasters or adventitious crisis
sequence of coping?
initial tension unsuccessful coping impaired cognitively helplessness CRISIS
general assessment of Crisis
- promote safety by assessing SI or HI
- assess their perception of the event
- assess their situational supports
- assess their personal coping skills
** self assessment
what are the two initial goals of crisis management?
- patient safety
2. anxiety reduction
Primary, secondary and tertiary care in crisis
Primary- promotes mental health and reduces mental illness to decrease the chance of crisis
Secondary- intervention during an acute crisis to prevent prolonged anxiety
tertiary- provide support for those who have experienced a severe crisis and are now recovering from a severe mental state.
risk factors of suicide
Older adult Male Poverty Aboriginal Single Social Isolation Occupational stress, loss or humiliation New incarceration Hx of gambling Easy access to firearms
protective factors
Intact Social Supports
Active religious affiliation or faith (can be a risk factor if SHAME re. situation occurs)
Marriage and presence of dependent children
Ongoing supportive relationship with caregiver
Absence of depression or substance abuse
Access to medical and mental health resources
Impulse control
Proven problem-solving and coping skills
youth risk of suicide, factors
All the preceding factors Lack of family support Hx of abuse School problems Social ostracism, humiliation Conduct disorder Struggle with sexual orientation Recent marriage, unwanted pregnancy
clinical factors of youth suicide
Past & current major psychiatric illness (esp. Depression)
Personality Disorder
Impulsive or violent traits by hx
Current medical illness
Family Hx of suicide
Previous attempts or other self-injurious acts
Current anger, agitation or constricted preoccupation
Current abuse of alcohol or drugs
Easy access to lethal toxins
Formulated plan
Low ambivalence re. dying/living
warning signs of suicide
I Ideation S substance abuse P Purposelessess A Anxiety T Trapped H Hopelessness or helplessness W Withdrawl A Anger R Recklessness M Mood changes
SLAP ASSESSMENT
- how SPECIFIC is the plan of attack?
- how LETHAL is the proposed method?
- how AVAILABLE is the proposed method?
- what is the PROXIMITY of helping resources?
primary, secondary and tertiary implementation for suicide
Primary: education, activities that provide support and information to prevent suicide
secondary: treatment of actual suicide crisis
Tertiary/ postvention: refers to interventions with family and friends of a person who has died by suicide
