personality chap 12 Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

What is the def of personality

The way we think,feel or behave

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What are 3 elements we can use

Uniqueness ( how distinct we feel), Consistency ( across time and situation) and explanation ( explain our behaviours)

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What influences and effects our behaviour more, personality or behaviour

Both are equally important , there are multiple perspectives

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What is freud known about

the 3 parts of the human mind

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What is at the conscious level

What we are aware at this moment

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What is the preconscious mind

easily accessible all the time that can be brought out to our conscious mind

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What is the unconscious mind

The information that is hidden from us

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What is manifest content

What we can remember in our dreams

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What is a latent content

What our unconscious mind is telling us in our dream that we cannot remember

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What is free association

to say whatever is on our mind without feeling threatened or judged

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What is the ID in our mind

This is where theres the unconscious mind, responsible for our basic needs .The ID wants it NOW is it also linked in agression

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What is the EGO

More on the concoius side, the ego will find a way to balance its superego and id

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What is the SUPEREGO

It operates in all levels of consciousness and is the moral code. It focuses on what’s realistic but primarily moral,

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How can anxiety be influenced

Because the ego has to mediate the id and superego, it can arise anxiety, its a defence mechanism

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What is reality anxiety

Informs the ego of a real danger

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What is moral anxiety

will notify the superego that the ego is violating a moral code

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What is neurotic anxiety

The ego it threatening of id impulses at the conscious level

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What is repression

Forcing distressing memories into the unconcious

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What is reaction formation

Unacceptable thoughts and desires in the unconscious that are opposite of the consciousness

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What is projection

Attributing ones own unacceptable behaviours / feelings to other ones

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What is regression

reaction to a threatening situation with a response of an earlier stage

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What is sublimation

Transforming inappropriate implusives and motives into a socially acceptable thing

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What is denial

Refusal to accept painful facts

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Rationalization

Creating an acceptable excise for their behaviour

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What is displacement

Shifting ones emotion to someone else instead of the person they're angry on

What and when is the oral stage

Birht to 2 years old where its conflicted in the mouth

What are the health outcomes of the oral stage

Develop a willingess to delay gratification

What is an unhealthy outcome of the roal stage

Overeating, Addiction and problems in adulthood

What and when is the anal stage

This is associated with the anus when toilet training occurs, and this happens for 2-3 years old.

What is a healthy outcome of the anal stage

When seeing pleasure, they do it at the right time and place

What is an unhealthy outcome of anal stage

Doing innaporpriate stuff in public or being overly concerned in order and neatness

What and when is the phalic stage

This happens to 3-6 yrs and its with the genitals. A competition with the same sex parent for the affection of the opposite sex parent.

What is a healthy outcome of phalic stage

Go and get along with those more powerful than you

What is an unhealthy outcome of phalic stage

Expression oppositional and hostile bahaviors at work and cannot deal with feeling powerless

What and when is the latency period

It is only known to see their sex-role and their interaction with their same sex peers

What is a healthy outcome in latency

Knowing you are not alone in difficult moments in your life

What is an unhealthy outcome in latency

Making sexist and racist comments

What is an unhealthy outcome in latency

Making sexist and racist comments

What and when is the genital stage

around 11- adulthood and deals with relationships with the opposite sex

What is a healthy outcome of genital stage

To pleasure we give other pleasure

What is an unhealthy outcome of genital pleasure

Experiencing loneliness with a series of failed relationships and stems selfishness

What is Maslow known for

His theory of hierarchy

What are the needs according to the hierarchy system?

Physiological needs ( food,air ,water), safety needs,love needs, self-esteem needs,self actualization and self-transcendance needs

What is Roger known about

The self concept

What is the self concept

It is what you think and believe about yourself

What is self-esteem

How we evaluate our worth and being loved and respected

What is our ideal self

What we would life to be

What is out real self

THe self we are rn

What does Roger think abt growth and self-improvements..

We are all born with the innate to psychologically grow and improve , however the motivation is innate but the environment is important

What is an unconditional positive regard

That family and friends are going to love you regardless no matter the good, the bad and the ugly

What are some consequences of Unconditional positive regard

It can unfold our own unique potential, the selfconcept will be positive, our ideal self will match our real self and our self esteem will be higher

What is conditional positive regard

When people love you when you only do good

What are the consequences of conditional postive regard

Growth and independence will not be unfolded, self-concept will be negative, big gap between the ideal and real self and low self-esteem

What is delay of gratification

Saying no to a moment of pleasure , in favour of a long term goal

What does the marshmallow study consist of

They asked kids to wait before they eat a marshmallow, and if they did they would get 2

What are the different outcomes of these children

When they didnt eat the marshmellow, they had better outcomes than those who did not

What happens in the ventral striatum

When theres no delayed gratification, theres more activity in this part

How are biological genetic perpective studied

By twins study

what are the 5-factor models

Openess,conscientiousness,Extraversion , agreeableness and neuroticism

What is a high in openness

Artistic, insightful and inteligent

What is low in openness

Common-place and shallow

WHAT IS A HIGH IN CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

Deliberate ,efficent and precise

What is a low in conscientiousness

careless, irresponsible

What is high in extraversion

Adventurous,dominant and socialble

What is a low in extraversion

Quiet , reserved, shy

What is a high in agreableness

cooperative,generous and sympathetic

What is a low in agreeableness

cruel,unfriendly

What is a high in neuroticism

anxious ,temperamental