Chap 13 social psych Flashcards
What are attributions
Motivation to understand others and their behaviours and find an explanation
What is dipositional
The behaviour is placed bc this person has certain characteristics or effort or emotion
What is situational in attributions
Use situation or external factors for behaviours
What is an interaction in attribuiton
We take a look between the person and the situation
What is the fundamental attribution error
When we explain someones behaviour when we dont know them or the factors for their behaviours
What are some exceptions with the fundamental attribution error
Were less likely to fall into that if compassion kicks in, when we know the person well,if were part of a collectivist culture or when explaining out own behaviours
What is the actor observer bias
The same behaviour is explained differently whether we are the actor or we see someone else act like that
What is the self serving bias
How do we explain our success or failure
What is false consensus effect
We believe that others share our opinions when they do
What is conformity
When we change our behaviours to match what others think or believe
Whos is the one who studied conformity
Solomon asch
When is conformity higher
When its unanimous, out loud, ambiguous , when theres doubt in our own knowledge ,when we admire, when we have low self-esteem, locus of control , collectivism ,women and teens
Why do we conform
Because of normative and informal social influences
What is normative social influence
We want to be accepted and liked / included
What is informal social influence
We have the need to be right and have a good judgment in case we have to turn to them and follow them
who is the pioneer of group think
JANIS
What is group think
It is a maladaptive way of thinking in a group
This is when we chose one to be a leader and we become a yes man which leads to bad decisions
How do we counter act group think
The leader must encourage critical thinking and also assign a devil’s advocate
Who is known for studying social roles
ZIMBARDO
What happens when you give people power
They get drunk out of it and become their role.
What is agression
An action that is there to harm ,hurt or destroy something or someone that does not wat to be harmed
Who is more likely to use verbal agression
Girls
Who is more likely to use physical agression
Boys
What is instrumental agression
When we agress something/someone to get something out of it
What is hostile agression
When our goal is to hurt them
Why are people more agressive
Because of genetics, when theres little activity in the MAOA gene , there’s a high probability of having aggression
In the brain what is linked to agression
Low serotonin, having a smaller frontal love and the amygdala is linked to agression
What do hormones and agression have in common
When people have high testosterone and stress hormones they are said to be more aggressive
What can also influence aggression in people
Intense physical pain and hot days
How can people become aggressive
Via observation or modelling
What is another form of learning agression
The violence in the media, if were constantly shown aggressive behaviours, we hare more likely to cope them ( ESPECIALLY CHILDREN)
What is desensitization
When were exposed to the media too much and we tolerate violence,have less empathy for people in real life and give lenient sentences to criminals
What can be done with aggression
Nature and nurture help a child become less aggressive
What are some prosocial behaviours
to help someone regardless of that they are doing
What is altruism
To help someone else only to want to help and not to gain anything form it
What is reciprocal alturism
I help you, you help me
What is reciprocity norm
TO help those who help us
What are the 2 reasons of the bystandard effect
Diffusion of responsibility and inforamtional social influence, and if we feel we are not skilled enough were no going to help
What is pluralistic ignorance
We cope other people doing nothing because we don’t know what to do
Who are the 2 who studied the bystander effect
Darley and Latanne
How to combat the bystander effect
We must know when something is going on,we must decide its an emergency , we have to take responsibility and help
Things we can do to encourage others to help
Request someone to help us, and be direct
what is the door in the face technique
Making a large request and know they will say no, but make a smaller request ( what we want) and get a yes
