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final psycH > Chap 15 psych treatments > Flashcards

Chap 15 psych treatments Flashcards

1
Q

What is psychopharmacology

A

A study on how drugs affect the brain

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2
Q

What is psychomedication

A

The medication for treating mental illnesses and that interfere with neurotransmitter

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3
Q

What is a psychiatrist

A

A medical doctor who specializes in treatment of mental illness ( they are the only one who can prescribe medication)

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4
Q

When were antipsychotic drugs first appeared

A

In the 1950’s

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5
Q

What are some classics antipsychotics

A

Reserpine and Thorazine

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6
Q

What are the effects of reserpine and Thorazine

A

In schizophrenia, they are used to having high dopamine, but with the drugs they are lowering the activity by blocking dopamine receptors

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7
Q

What are some drawbacks

A

It only manages the positive symptoms and is not effective with the negative

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8
Q

What are some physical drawbacks of reserpine and thorazine

A

They affect extrapyramidal symptoms ( abnormal movements) and are linked with tardive dyskinesia ( uncontrollable tics in the body)

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9
Q

What is the revolving door patient

A

The patient is in and out of the hospital because of the side effects when they stopped the medication

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10
Q

What is the newer generation of medication called

A

atypical antipsychotic

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11
Q

What is an example of atypical antipsychotic drug

A

clozapine

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12
Q

What are some advantages of atypical antipsychotic drugs

A

They affect only the places associated with schizophrenia, They influence dopamine,serotonin, norepininpherin and Ach

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of atypical antipsychotic

A

Similar effects witht he classics, they are not much more effective

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14
Q

What are the negative effects of Clozapine

A

Affects and influences the immune system and weakens it ( can be reversed)

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15
Q

What is psychotherapy

A

When people go all together to talk about the patient’s problem

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16
Q

Is the family environment important

A

YES, if the family is disfunctional they are more likely to relapse

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17
Q

How was depression treated before

A

With amphetamines and opioids, however HIGHLY ADDICTIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES)

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18
Q

How is depression described

A

With low levels of serotonin, noreepinepherine, dopamine and glutamate

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19
Q

What do antidepressants influence

A

They influence more than neurotransmitters

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20
Q

What re the first generation of neurotransmitters

A

MAO inhibitors and tricyclics

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21
Q

What does the first generation of antidepressent do

A

They enhance the activity of monoamines

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22
Q

What and how are MAO inhibitors with depression

A

Enhance dopamine,NE and serotonin , they block the degradation of it

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23
Q

What is MAO

A

An enzyme in the liver that breaks down monoamines and tyramine

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24
Q

What and how are the effects of tricyclics

A

They effect NE and serotonin and they block the reuptake

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25
What happened in the 2nd and 3rd generation
They all had similar effect and side effects ( no improvement)
26
What are SSRI's
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
27
What are the effects of prozac
Effective and few side effect , it takes a few weeks before we feel it
28
Why does it take a few weeks before we feel something
In neurogenesis they will form new neurons, they also enhance connectivity
29
Who are Prozac cousins
Zoloft and paxil
30
What are the 4th generation of antidepressant known as
a dual-reuptake inhibitors
31
What does ketamine help with
Glutamate
32
What are anxiolytics
Treat anxiety
33
What are some benzodiazepine
xanax and valium
34
How are benzodiazepine considered as Nervous system depressants
They slow andreduce the activity of the nervous system
35
What does benzodiazepine do
They calm down, relax muscles and promote sleep.
36
What are the effects of benzodiazepine in the brain
They reduce the activity of the amygdala and they enhance the activity of GABA ( neurotransmitter)
37
What are some drawbacks of benzodiazepine
THye slowdown thinking,impair judgment,reduce alertness,slow reaction time, can lead to coma or death , are highly addictive, they are deadly when taking it with alcohol.
38
What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Two electrodes are places in the skull to deliver current to the brain
39
What is the goal of ECT
Cause a seizure in the brain
40
Why and what is it used for ( ECT)
To reduce seizures and can be used for depression as a last resort
41
What are some side effects of ECT
Memory problems that can be resolved
42
who started using ect
Ugo cerletti and lucio bini
43
Why does ECT have a bad reputation
How it was portrayed in media,they would give it even if they didn't do what they wanted, get rid of gayness, the nazi used it
44
What is the goal of psychological therapies
to treat mental illness
45
What is the therapeutic alliance
A strong bond with your therapist will increase the probability of success
46
Who is responsible for psychoanalysis
FREUD
47
What does psychoanalysis aim to do
To access the unconcious mind and help resolve childhood conflicts
48
What is free association
To say the very first words that come to mind without censorship
49
What is resistance analysis
When a patient starts to resist therapeutic processes
50
What is repression in resistance analysis
Do whatever they can to stop ourselves to access the unconscious mind ( ex: cancel appointments, change topics)
51
What is regression in resistance analysis
We go back to old conflicts that have been resolved and not on the new stuff
52
what is denial in resistance analysis
When we think our life is wonderful and don't need therapy anymore.
53
What is transference analysis
Developing strong feelings for their therapist like being mad, the therapist understand its not to them, but to a situation or a person in their life and try to make them understand
54
What is dream analysis
Our unresolve conflicts will appear in our dreams but in form of symbols.
55
What is a manifest content
The story line in the dream
56
What is the latent content of the dream
The symbolism behind the dream
57
What is a freudian slip
We mean to say one word but we say another one with a completely different meaning
58
What is an interpretation of psychoanalyst
The therapist will pay attention to everything and have to do things at the right time.
59
What is the main principle of operant conditioning technique
The behaviour is controlled by its consequences
60
what happens when there's a desirable consequence
it will continue
61
What happens when there's an undesirable consequence
likely not going to repeat itself
62
How can we desensitize ourselves of a fear
1.We will set a hierarchy of frightening situations 2.We will then spend time to learn and relax our bodies 3, In a real sate we will dace our fears and move hieracies, we stop when when were distress, then we calm down and go back again.
63
What is the point of cognitive therapy
To identify maladaptive ways of thinking an challenging them to have a more adaptive way of thinking
64
Who is studying cognitive therapies
Ellis and beck
65
What is ellis known for
Rational emotive therapy
66
What is the ABC model
A: adverse events B: Belief C: Consequences
67
What is Beck known for
Cognitive therapies for depression
68
What does beck think of ct
People with depression have a strong negative bias way of thinking
69
What does beck use to help people with depression
Thought recors, where they write about their feelings,

final psycH (7 decks)

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