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final psycH > Chap 15 psych treatments > Flashcards

Chap 15 psych treatments Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychopharmacology

A

A study on how drugs affect the brain

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2
Q

What is psychomedication

A

The medication for treating mental illnesses and that interfere with neurotransmitter

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3
Q

What is a psychiatrist

A

A medical doctor who specializes in treatment of mental illness ( they are the only one who can prescribe medication)

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4
Q

When were antipsychotic drugs first appeared

A

In the 1950’s

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5
Q

What are some classics antipsychotics

A

Reserpine and Thorazine

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6
Q

What are the effects of reserpine and Thorazine

A

In schizophrenia, they are used to having high dopamine, but with the drugs they are lowering the activity by blocking dopamine receptors

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7
Q

What are some drawbacks

A

It only manages the positive symptoms and is not effective with the negative

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8
Q

What are some physical drawbacks of reserpine and thorazine

A

They affect extrapyramidal symptoms ( abnormal movements) and are linked with tardive dyskinesia ( uncontrollable tics in the body)

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9
Q

What is the revolving door patient

A

The patient is in and out of the hospital because of the side effects when they stopped the medication

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10
Q

What is the newer generation of medication called

A

atypical antipsychotic

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11
Q

What is an example of atypical antipsychotic drug

A

clozapine

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12
Q

What are some advantages of atypical antipsychotic drugs

A

They affect only the places associated with schizophrenia, They influence dopamine,serotonin, norepininpherin and Ach

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of atypical antipsychotic

A

Similar effects witht he classics, they are not much more effective

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14
Q

What are the negative effects of Clozapine

A

Affects and influences the immune system and weakens it ( can be reversed)

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15
Q

What is psychotherapy

A

When people go all together to talk about the patient’s problem

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16
Q

Is the family environment important

A

YES, if the family is disfunctional they are more likely to relapse

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17
Q

How was depression treated before

A

With amphetamines and opioids, however HIGHLY ADDICTIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES)

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18
Q

How is depression described

A

With low levels of serotonin, noreepinepherine, dopamine and glutamate

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19
Q

What do antidepressants influence

A

They influence more than neurotransmitters

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20
Q

What re the first generation of neurotransmitters

A

MAO inhibitors and tricyclics

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21
Q

What does the first generation of antidepressent do

A

They enhance the activity of monoamines

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22
Q

What and how are MAO inhibitors with depression

A

Enhance dopamine,NE and serotonin , they block the degradation of it

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23
Q

What is MAO

A

An enzyme in the liver that breaks down monoamines and tyramine

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24
Q

What and how are the effects of tricyclics

A

They effect NE and serotonin and they block the reuptake

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25
Q

What happened in the 2nd and 3rd generation

A

They all had similar effect and side effects ( no improvement)

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26
Q

What are SSRI’s

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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27
Q

What are the effects of prozac

A

Effective and few side effect , it takes a few weeks before we feel it

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28
Q

Why does it take a few weeks before we feel something

A

In neurogenesis they will form new neurons, they also enhance connectivity

29
Q

Who are Prozac cousins

A

Zoloft and paxil

30
Q

What are the 4th generation of antidepressant known as

A

a dual-reuptake inhibitors

31
Q

What does ketamine help with

A

Glutamate

32
Q

What are anxiolytics

A

Treat anxiety

33
Q

What are some benzodiazepine

A

xanax and valium

34
Q

How are benzodiazepine considered as Nervous system depressants

A

They slow andreduce the activity of the nervous system

35
Q

What does benzodiazepine do

A

They calm down, relax muscles and promote sleep.

36
Q

What are the effects of benzodiazepine in the brain

A

They reduce the activity of the amygdala and they enhance the activity of GABA ( neurotransmitter)

37
Q

What are some drawbacks of benzodiazepine

A

THye slowdown thinking,impair judgment,reduce alertness,slow reaction time, can lead to coma or death , are highly addictive, they are deadly when taking it with alcohol.

38
Q

What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

Two electrodes are places in the skull to deliver current to the brain

39
Q

What is the goal of ECT

A

Cause a seizure in the brain

40
Q

Why and what is it used for ( ECT)

A

To reduce seizures and can be used for depression as a last resort

41
Q

What are some side effects of ECT

A

Memory problems that can be resolved

42
Q

who started using ect

A

Ugo cerletti and lucio bini

43
Q

Why does ECT have a bad reputation

A

How it was portrayed in media,they would give it even if they didn’t do what they wanted, get rid of gayness, the nazi used it

44
Q

What is the goal of psychological therapies

A

to treat mental illness

45
Q

What is the therapeutic alliance

A

A strong bond with your therapist will increase the probability of success

46
Q

Who is responsible for psychoanalysis

A

FREUD

47
Q

What does psychoanalysis aim to do

A

To access the unconcious mind and help resolve childhood conflicts

48
Q

What is free association

A

To say the very first words that come to mind without censorship

49
Q

What is resistance analysis

A

When a patient starts to resist therapeutic processes

50
Q

What is repression in resistance analysis

A

Do whatever they can to stop ourselves to access the unconscious mind ( ex: cancel appointments, change topics)

51
Q

What is regression in resistance analysis

A

We go back to old conflicts that have been resolved and not on the new stuff

52
Q

what is denial in resistance analysis

A

When we think our life is wonderful and don’t need therapy anymore.

53
Q

What is transference analysis

A

Developing strong feelings for their therapist like being mad, the therapist understand its not to them, but to a situation or a person in their life and try to make them understand

54
Q

What is dream analysis

A

Our unresolve conflicts will appear in our dreams but in form of symbols.

55
Q

What is a manifest content

A

The story line in the dream

56
Q

What is the latent content of the dream

A

The symbolism behind the dream

57
Q

What is a freudian slip

A

We mean to say one word but we say another one with a completely different meaning

58
Q

What is an interpretation of psychoanalyst

A

The therapist will pay attention to everything and have to do things at the right time.

59
Q

What is the main principle of operant conditioning technique

A

The behaviour is controlled by its consequences

60
Q

what happens when there’s a desirable consequence

A

it will continue

61
Q

What happens when there’s an undesirable consequence

A

likely not going to repeat itself

62
Q

How can we desensitize ourselves of a fear

A

1.We will set a hierarchy of frightening situations
2.We will then spend time to learn and relax our bodies
3, In a real sate we will dace our fears and move hieracies, we stop when when were distress, then we calm down and go back again.

63
Q

What is the point of cognitive therapy

A

To identify maladaptive ways of thinking an challenging them to have a more adaptive way of thinking

64
Q

Who is studying cognitive therapies

A

Ellis and beck

65
Q

What is ellis known for

A

Rational emotive therapy

66
Q

What is the ABC model

A

A: adverse events
B: Belief
C: Consequences

67
Q

What is Beck known for

A

Cognitive therapies for depression

68
Q

What does beck think of ct

A

People with depression have a strong negative bias way of thinking

69
Q

What does beck use to help people with depression

A

Thought recors, where they write about their feelings,

final psycH (7 decks)

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