Personality Flashcards
What is personality?
Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character.
True or False: Personality is static and does not change over time.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ theory of personality emphasizes the role of unconscious processes.
psychoanalytic
Who proposed the Five Factor Model of personality?
Robert McCrae and Paul Costa
What are the five factors in the Five Factor Model?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits? A) Openness B) Conscientiousness C) Intelligence D) Extraversion
C) Intelligence
Short Answer: What does the term ‘trait theory’ refer to?
Trait theory refers to the approach of studying personality by focusing on observable traits that can be measured.
True or False: Introversion and extraversion are part of the Big Five personality traits.
True
Fill in the blank: The _______ perspective focuses on the influence of the environment and experience on personality.
behavioral
What is the primary focus of humanistic theories of personality?
Humanistic theories focus on individual potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization.
Multiple Choice: Which psychologist is best known for his hierarchy of needs? A) Sigmund Freud B) Carl Rogers C) Abraham Maslow D) B.F. Skinner
C) Abraham Maslow
Short Answer: What is self-actualization?
Self-actualization is the realization or fulfillment of one’s talents and potential, often considered as the ultimate goal of personal development.
True or False: Personality assessments can include self-report questionnaires.
True
What is the main purpose of personality tests?
The main purpose of personality tests is to measure and evaluate individual personality traits and characteristics.
Fill in the blank: The _______ test is a projective personality test that uses ambiguous stimuli.
Rorschach
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a personality inventory? A) MMPI B) MRI C) EEG D) CT scan
A) MMPI
Short Answer: What does the acronym MMPI stand for?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
True or False: The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is based on Jungian psychology.
True
What are the four dichotomies in the MBTI?
Extraversion/Introversion, Sensing/Intuition, Thinking/Feeling, Judging/Perceiving
Fill in the blank: According to the social-cognitive perspective, personality is influenced by _______.
social interactions
Multiple Choice: Which concept refers to the belief in one’s ability to succeed? A) Self-esteem B) Self-efficacy C) Self-concept D) Self-awareness
B) Self-efficacy
Short Answer: What is the role of genetics in personality development?
Genetics can influence personality traits, contributing to the biological basis of personality.
True or False: Personality can be assessed through behavioral observations.
True
What is the difference between state and trait in personality psychology?
Traits are stable characteristics, while states are temporary behaviors influenced by the situation.
Fill in the blank: The _______ approach emphasizes the role of individual choice and personal responsibility.
humanistic
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a high conscientiousness score? A) Disorganization B) Impulsiveness C) Reliability D) Sociability
C) Reliability
Short Answer: What does it mean if someone scores high on the openness trait?
It means they are imaginative, open to new experiences, and willing to engage in novel ideas.
True or False: Neuroticism is associated with emotional stability.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ perspective views personality as a result of interactions between the individual and their environment.
social-cognitive
Multiple Choice: Which trait is characterized by being outgoing and energetic? A) Agreeableness B) Neuroticism C) Extraversion D) Openness
C) Extraversion
Short Answer: Define ‘personality disorder.’
A personality disorder is a type of mental disorder characterized by enduring patterns of behavior, cognition, and inner experience that deviate from cultural expectations.
True or False: Personality traits are always adaptive and beneficial.
False
What are the two main types of personality assessments?
Objective tests and projective tests.
Fill in the blank: The _______ theory emphasizes the importance of childhood experiences in shaping personality.
psychoanalytic
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of agreeableness? A) Trust B) Warmth C) Assertiveness D) Altruism
C) Assertiveness
Short Answer: What is the significance of personality in psychology?
Personality is significant because it helps to understand individual differences and predict behavior.
