Personality:

Question 1

what is personality?

Answer 1

is the study of how and why people are different and similar to an individual level

Question 2

what are the three main concepts of personality?

Answer 2

psychodynamic- Freud, Carl Jung
humanistic- Maslow, carl rogers
trait- Hans Eysnik and raymond cattell

Question 3

what are Freud main three theories?

Answer 3

structural theory
defence mechanisms
psychosexual stages of development

Question 4

what are the levels of consciousness?

Answer 4

unconscious 75%
precocious 15%
consious 10%

Question 5

what is the structural theory?

Answer 5

Id, Ego and superego

Question 6

what do defence mechanisms do for the id ego and superego?

Answer 6

used to unconsciously distort reality

reduce anxiety and inform more pleasurable emotions

Question 7

what are some defence mechanisms?

Answer 7

repression
projection
denial

Question 8

what are the 5 psychosexual stages of development?

Answer 8

oral
anal
phallic
latency
gential

Question 9

what are fixations?

Answer 9

if passing all levels of development there will be no fixations

Question 10

what are introversion extroversion and ambiversion?

Answer 10

introversion- stimulated through little amounts of human interaction
extroverts- require high amounts of stimulation through human interaction
ambiverts- require an equal amount of stimulation from both

Question 11

what is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 11

psychological
safety
love/ belonging
self-actualisation

transcendence

Question 12

how was Maslow’s hierarch split into lower and higher needs?

Answer 12

lower- deficiency needs

higher- growth needs

Question 13

what is the difference between transcendence and self-actualisation?

Answer 13

self-actualisation is the emotional peak of a human being

transcendence is when they use this knowledge to help other people trancend

Question 14

who created client centred therapy and what does it entail?

Answer 14

carl rogers
supportive therapy
empathic understanding
support rather than intervention

Question 15

what is the self-concept theory?

Answer 15

a congruence between self-image and ideal self

Question 16

what is the trait perspective?

Answer 16

based on a relatively stable number of personality traits

Question 17

what is Hans Eysnik’s personality test?

Answer 17

personality dimensions

neuroticism vs stability
extroversion vs introversion
psychoticism vs impulse control

Question 18

what are the big 5 personality dimensions?

Answer 18

OCEAN
openness
contentiousness
extroversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

Question 19

what are four ways of assessing personality?

Answer 19

projective tests
self-reported inventories
interviews
behavioural

Question 20

what is an example of a projective assessment?

Answer 20

inkblot test

Question 21

what is the DSM-5? what are the three terms that must be abided in order to qualify?

Answer 21

identified 10 personality disorders
pervasive
inflexible
stable

Question 22

how are the personality disorders organised within DSM-5?

Answer 22

cluster ABC

A- odd eccentric behaviour
B- dramatic erratic
C- fear of anxiety

Question 23

what are some treatments for personality disorders?

Answer 23

CBT- learn new coping skills

dismiss negative thoughts

Question 24

what is assertiveness training?

Answer 24

balance aggressiveness and being passive
changes unhelpful thinking and behavioural patterns

some personality disorders diable you to have a balance and lean toward one of the two extremes.