Personal Identification Flashcards by ronjef garcia

a fingerprint was first used in china before the birth of christianity they called it _______

Hua Chi

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describes the ridges and pores of the hands and feet (philosopical transaction) presented in royal society of london, england

nehemiah grew

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works on the sweat pores and ridges

govard bibloo

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father of personal identification. the first to devise a scientific method of identification called anthropometry

Alphonse Bertillon

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marcelo malpighi wrote the book

de externo tactus organo

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the first to state that FP are never duplicated in 2 persons (anatomiche kuphertafein)

J.C.A. mayer

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professor at the university of the bresiau, Germany, established a certain role for classification and be able to identify 9 types of pattern although never associated to identification

johannes purkenjie

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professor at the university of bolognia, italy, known for his dicovery of the epidermis and dermis layer. Father of dactyloscopy

marcelo malpighi

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took his own FP twice with a lapse of forty-one (41) years and show the ridges formation remains the same

herman welcher

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the first person herschel printed the palm

rajadar konai

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a surgeon at tsukuji hospital, tokyo japan, who claimed that latent prints would provide positive identification of offenders once apprehended (a manual of practical dactyloscopy

henry faulds

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developed the arch, loop and whorl patterns as general classification and identified nine (9) types of pattern

francis galton

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the first to advocate the use of FP as substitute for signature among indian native to avoid impersonation

william herschel

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first to establoshed a civil bureau of personal identification

francis galton

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francis galton said the possibility of two prints being alike was ___________

1:65,000,000,000

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an english man who informally introduced dactyloscopy in the united states through his books

samuel langhorne clemens

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a spanish counterpart of henry who developed his own system of classification in argentina and was accepted in almost all spanish speaking country

juan vucentich

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a geologist in new mexico, adopted the first individual use of FP in august 8, 1882 as a protection to prevent tampering with the pay order

gilbert thompson

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developed the henry system of classification at scotland yard which was accepted in most english-speaking country

edward richard henry

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the hindu police officers who helped who have helped henry in attaining his goal

khan bahadur azizul haque

rai hem chandra bose

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Father of fingerprint

edward richard henry

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photographer in san francisco who advocated the use of the system for the registration of the immigrant chinese

isaiah west tabor

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samuel langhorne clemens informally introduced dactyloscopy in the US with his 2 books

life in the mississippi

pup n head wilson

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utilized the first municipal civil use of FP for criminal registration on december 1902 (mun. civil service comm., new york).

dr.henry p de forest

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advocate the first state and penal use of FP adopted in singsing prison on june 5, 1903 later on auburn napanoche and clinton penitentiaries

capt. james L parke

first FP instructor at st. louis police dept. missouri

sgt. john kenneth ferrier

warden of the federal penitentiaries of leaven worth established the first official national government use of FP

maj. R. mc cloughry

first american instructress in dactyloscopy

mary k. holand

first private school to install lab for instruction purposes in dactyloscopy

institute of applied science

identification unit herein was officially establoshed by an act of congress in 1924

federal bureau of invistigation (FBI)

one who first taught FP in the phils. (1900)

mr jones

(1968) carpetas FP was used

bueau of prison

first filipino FP technician empolyed by P.C.

generoso reyes

first filipina FP technician

isabela bernales

first conviction base on FP and leading case decision in the phil. jurisprudence (10 points)

people of the philippines vs medina

first government recognized school to teach the science of FP and other Po. sci.

plaridel education institute (PEI) now known as phil. college of criminology (PCCR)

known US public enemy number one who attempted to destroy his own prints using corrosive acids.

john dellinger

works on surgery to forged his own FP and was named "the man without FP"

Robert james pitts

first filipina chop-chop lady who was identified through FP

lucila lalu

the practical application of the science of FP

dactyloscopy

the scientific study of FP as a means of identification

dactylography

the scientific study of FP for purposes of personality interpretation

dactylomancy

the science which deals with the study of skin pattern.

dermatoglyphics

dermatoglyphics is derived from the 2 greek word

derma which means skin | glype which means carve

baisc prinsiples of FP

individuality infallibility permanency

an impression design by the 2 first joints of the finger and thumb on smooth surface through the media of ink: sweat or any substance capable of producing visibility

Finger prints (FP)

chiroscopy

study of prints of the palms of the hand

podoscopy

study of footprints

poroscopy

study of the arrangement of sweat pores

father of poroscopy

edmond locard

the skeletal finger covered with friction skin

phalange

phalange is made of 3 bones

basal or proximal phalange middle phalange distal or terminal phalange

epidermal hairless skin found on the central or lower surface of the hands and feet covered with ridges and furrows

papillary skin or friction skin

components of friction skin

``` ridge furrows sweat pores sweat duct sweat gland ```

fundamental layers of the friction skin

epidermis | dermis

2 parts of epidermis

stratum corneum | stratum mucosum

types of arch

``` plain arch (A) tented arch (T) ```

percentage of arch

the simplest of all fingerprint patterns

plain arch

elements of loop

core sufficient recurve delta at least 1 ridge count

types of loop

``` radial loop (RH = /) (LH = \) ulnar loop (RH = \) (LH = /) ```

percentage of loop

60%

elements of whorl

2 or more deltas | atleast 1 complete circuiting ridge

types of whorl

plain whorl (W) central pocket loop whorl double loop whorl accidental whorl

elements of central pocket loop whorl

no circuiting ridge within the pattern area is touched or cross by an imaginary line drawn between 2 deltas

elements of double loop whorl

2 separate loop formation 2 separate and distinct shoulder 2 deltas

elements of accidental whorl

a combination of two different patterns with the exception of the plain arch 2 deltas

the exception in the combination of 2 different patterns in accidental whorl

plain arch

refers to a ridge formation in a form of a dot or period.

ridge dot (island ridge)

a ridge formation in which a single ridge splits or divides into two or more ridges, it resembles a fork shape

bifurcation

two ridges that spread apart

diverging ridge

two ridges that meets at a certain point

converging ridge

a single ridge that divides into two but does not remain open and meet at a certain point to form the original single form

enclosure or lake ridge

it refers to an abrupt end of a ridge

ending ridge

is a diverging ridge that tends to surround the pattern area and serves as a basic boundary of fingerprint impression

type lines

is a part of a loop of whorl pattern surrounded by the type lines and consisting of the delta, the core and other ridges

pattern area

a single ridge that curves back to the direction where it started

recurving ridge

a recurving ridge which is complete with it should and free from appendage

sufficient recurve

a short ridge found at the top or summit of a recourve

appendage

a short or long ridge found inside the recurve and directed towards the core

rod or bar

a short ridge found inside the recurve which blocks the inner line of flow towards the core

obstruction ridge

2 fingerprint terminus

delta (outer terminus) | core (heart or inner terminus)

types of fingerprint impression

``` rolled impression plain impression plastic impression smudge impression molded impression ```

basic instrument in taking prints

``` ink slab ink roller fingerprint ink fingerprint card card holder ```

a metallic or glass plate where the ink is spread for purpose

ink slab

a rubber made roller designed to spread the fingerprint ink to the slab

ink roller

a special form of ink designed for taking fingerprint impression sometimes submitted with a printers ink

fingerprint ink

is an 8"x 8" card designed for recording fingerprint impression

fingerprint card

usually fixed card holder placed ina flat table designed to prevent the movement of the card in the course of the taking of the fingerprint

card holder

the process of placing under each pattern the letter symbols representing their pattern interpratation prior to the actual classification formula

blocking out

always represented by a numerical calue assigned to whorl patterns depending on what finger they appear

primary division

represented by capital and small letters combination based on interpretation made during the blocking

secondary division

derived from index finger which can be (A, T, R, W, C, D or X)

capital letters

derived from the thimb, middle, ring and little fingers. it only includes the radial loop (r), plain arch (a) and tented arch (t)

small letters

derived by ridge counting of loop and ridge

sub-secondary division

when the tracing goes above or inside the right delta and there are three (3) or more intervening ridges

inner whorl (I)

when the tracing ridge goes below or outside the right delta and there are three (3) or more intervening ridges

outer whorl (O)

when there are only twi or less intervening ridges

meeting whorl (M)

taken from thumb fingers only

major division

derived from the little fingers only

final division

derived by getting the ridge count of the first (I) loop except the little fingers. in the absence of the loop, the first whorl will be ridge counted for the purpose

key division

an additional formula serve as a reference in case doubtful prints. place the bottom of the classification formula

reference classification formula

prints which are readily visible to the naked eye. it can either be; molded prints or prints made by contamination with the colored substance

visible prints

prints the are generally made by sweat or perspiration that requires developing for visibility

invisible prints

factors affecting stability or prints at the crime scene

subject factor nature of the surface climatic condition

methods of developing prints

``` dusting method rolling method fuming methods silver nitrate method ninhydrin method laser method ```

considered as the simplest and traditional methods used in developing prints at the scene of the crime (use of powder and brush)

dusting method

basically used in developing prints in paper done by simply rolling the paper with powder spreading in its surface

rolling method

done by using chemical fumes such as iodine and ammonium fumes

fuming methods

done by spraying a 5 percent solution of silver nitrate to the surface of the paper

silver nitrate method

considered as one of the best method used in developing prints in paper

ninhydrin method

modern method of tracing and developing prints

laser method

prints taken from a diseased person

post mortem fingerprints