Permanent Waving Flashcards
The main active ingredient or reducing agent in Alkaline perms is _______.
Ammonium thioglycolate
The main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotions is _______.
Glyceryl Monothioglycolate
The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its ________.
Porosity
The action of waving lotion is to _______.
Expand the hair
If hair breaks under very slight strain, it has ________.
Little or no elasticity
A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the _______.
Double tool technique
Ask __________ to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected.
Open-ended questions
Hair texture describes the _______ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse.
Diameter
Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be __________.
Acid-balanced
The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as _________.
Endothermic
The polypeptide chains of this layer of hair are connected by end bonds and cross-linked by side bonds that form the fibers and structures of hair ______.
Cortex
The chemical composition of hair consists almost entirely of a protein material called ________.
Keratin
Bonds that are formed between two cysteine amino acids located on neighboring polypeptide chains are ________.
Disulfide
The chemical action of _________ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.
Waving lotion
When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ______ rebonded.
Chemically
A _______ is an example of a physical change that results from breaking and reforming the hydrogen bonds within the hair.
Wet set
_________ rods have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the center and a looser, wider curl on either side of the strand.
Concave
What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?
Fine texture
What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?
Coarse texture
All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels, which are further divided into subsections called _______.
Base sections
Base control refers to the position of the tool in relation to its _______ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.
Base panel
The basic perm wrap is also called a _____ wrap.
Straight set
The ________ wrap created a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.
Curvature perm
The ________ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.
Weave technique
When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 º beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in _________.
On base placement
When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 º (perpendicular) to its base section, it will result in _______.
Half-off base placement
End wraps are absorbent papers used to _______ of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm tools
Control ends
When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the ________.
Single flat wrap
When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the _______.
Bookend wrap
What can be used to determined the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?
Preliminary test curl
If too many ______ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.
Disulfide
Under processing is caused by _______ processing time of the waving lotion.
Insufficient
I’m permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first _____ minutes.
5 - 10
The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called ______.
Processing time
Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least _______ minutes before applying the neutralizer.
5
Some manufacturers recommend the application of a _______ after blotting and before application of a neutralizer.
Pre-neutralizing conditioner
Neutralization rebuilds the _______ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.
Disulfide bonds
If the hair is not ______, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.
Rinsed properly
The hydrogen atoms in the disulfide bonds are to strongly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer that they release their bond with the sulfur atoms and join with the _______.
Oxygen
A/an ________ liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if the hair is damaged.
Acidic
In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are reformed _______
Immediately
Disulfide bonds are formed between 2 _______ , located on nearby polypeptide chains.
Cysteine amino acids
Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause _________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.
Uneven curls
If you suspect metallic salts are present, mix 1 ounce of 20 volume peroxide with 20 drops of 28% ______ and immerse at least 20 strands for 30 mins.
Ammonia
Perming only a section of a whole head head of hair is called ______.
Partial perming
The ______ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.
Bricklay perm
The _____ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.
Spiral
When performing a procedural for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the _______.
Nape
In order to make a smooth transition from the roller section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a _______.
Partial perm
Many male clients are looking for added _______, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.
Fullness
