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Cosmetology > Permanent Waving > Flashcards

Permanent Waving Flashcards

1
Q

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in Alkaline perms is _______.

A

Ammonium thioglycolate

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2
Q

The main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotions is _______.

A

Glyceryl Monothioglycolate

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3
Q

The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its ________.

A

Porosity

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4
Q

The action of waving lotion is to _______.

A

Expand the hair

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5
Q

If hair breaks under very slight strain, it has ________.

A

Little or no elasticity

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6
Q

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the _______.

A

Double tool technique

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7
Q

Ask __________ to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected.

A

Open-ended questions

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8
Q

Hair texture describes the _______ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse.

A

Diameter

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9
Q

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be __________.

A

Acid-balanced

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10
Q

The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as _________.

A

Endothermic

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11
Q

The polypeptide chains of this layer of hair are connected by end bonds and cross-linked by side bonds that form the fibers and structures of hair ______.

A

Cortex

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12
Q

The chemical composition of hair consists almost entirely of a protein material called ________.

A

Keratin

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13
Q

Bonds that are formed between two cysteine amino acids located on neighboring polypeptide chains are ________.

A

Disulfide

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14
Q

The chemical action of _________ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.

A

Waving lotion

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15
Q

When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ______ rebonded.

A

Chemically

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16
Q

A _______ is an example of a physical change that results from breaking and reforming the hydrogen bonds within the hair.

A

Wet set

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17
Q

_________ rods have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the center and a looser, wider curl on either side of the strand.

A

Concave

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18
Q

What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?

A

Fine texture

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19
Q

What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

A

Coarse texture

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20
Q

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels, which are further divided into subsections called _______.

A

Base sections

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21
Q

Base control refers to the position of the tool in relation to its _______ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.

A

Base panel

22
Q

The basic perm wrap is also called a _____ wrap.

A

Straight set

23
Q

The ________ wrap created a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.

A

Curvature perm

24
Q

The ________ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

A

Weave technique

25
Q

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 º beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in _________.

A

On base placement

26
Q

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 º (perpendicular) to its base section, it will result in _______.

A

Half-off base placement

27
Q

End wraps are absorbent papers used to _______ of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm tools

A

Control ends

28
Q

When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the ________.

A

Single flat wrap

29
Q

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the _______.

A

Bookend wrap

30
Q

What can be used to determined the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?

A

Preliminary test curl

31
Q

If too many ______ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

A

Disulfide

32
Q

Under processing is caused by _______ processing time of the waving lotion.

A

Insufficient

33
Q

I’m permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first _____ minutes.

A

5 - 10

34
Q

The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called ______.

A

Processing time

35
Q

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least _______ minutes before applying the neutralizer.

A

5

36
Q

Some manufacturers recommend the application of a _______ after blotting and before application of a neutralizer.

A

Pre-neutralizing conditioner

37
Q

Neutralization rebuilds the _______ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.

A

Disulfide bonds

38
Q

If the hair is not ______, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.

A

Rinsed properly

39
Q

The hydrogen atoms in the disulfide bonds are to strongly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer that they release their bond with the sulfur atoms and join with the _______.

A

Oxygen

40
Q

A/an ________ liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if the hair is damaged.

A

Acidic

41
Q

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are reformed _______

A

Immediately

42
Q

Disulfide bonds are formed between 2 _______ , located on nearby polypeptide chains.

A

Cysteine amino acids

43
Q

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause _________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

A

Uneven curls

44
Q

If you suspect metallic salts are present, mix 1 ounce of 20 volume peroxide with 20 drops of 28% ______ and immerse at least 20 strands for 30 mins.

A

Ammonia

45
Q

Perming only a section of a whole head head of hair is called ______.

A

Partial perming

46
Q

The ______ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

A

Bricklay perm

47
Q

The _____ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.

A

Spiral

48
Q

When performing a procedural for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the _______.

A

Nape

49
Q

In order to make a smooth transition from the roller section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a _______.

A

Partial perm

50
Q

Many male clients are looking for added _______, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.

A

Fullness

Cosmetology (10 decks)

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