Permanent Waving

Question 1

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in Alkaline perms is _______.

Answer 1

Ammonium thioglycolate

Question 2

The main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotions is _______.

Answer 2

Glyceryl Monothioglycolate

Question 3

The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its ________.

Answer 3

Porosity

Question 4

The action of waving lotion is to _______.

Answer 4

Expand the hair

Question 5

If hair breaks under very slight strain, it has ________.

Answer 5

Little or no elasticity

Question 6

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the _______.

Answer 6

Double tool technique

Question 7

Ask __________ to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected.

Answer 7

Open-ended questions

Question 8

Hair texture describes the _______ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse.

Answer 8

Diameter

Question 9

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be __________.

Answer 9

Acid-balanced

Question 10

The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as _________.

Answer 10

Endothermic

Question 11

The polypeptide chains of this layer of hair are connected by end bonds and cross-linked by side bonds that form the fibers and structures of hair ______.

Answer 11

Cortex

Question 12

The chemical composition of hair consists almost entirely of a protein material called ________.

Answer 12

Keratin

Question 13

Bonds that are formed between two cysteine amino acids located on neighboring polypeptide chains are ________.

Answer 13

Disulfide

Question 14

The chemical action of _________ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.

Answer 14

Waving lotion

Question 15

When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ______ rebonded.

Answer 15

Chemically

Question 16

A _______ is an example of a physical change that results from breaking and reforming the hydrogen bonds within the hair.

Answer 16

Wet set

Question 17

_________ rods have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the center and a looser, wider curl on either side of the strand.

Answer 17

Concave

Question 18

What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?

Answer 18

Fine texture

Question 19

What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

Answer 19

Coarse texture

Question 20

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels, which are further divided into subsections called _______.

Answer 20

Base sections

Question 21

Base control refers to the position of the tool in relation to its _______ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.

Answer 21

Base panel

Question 22

The basic perm wrap is also called a _____ wrap.

Answer 22

Straight set

Question 23

The ________ wrap created a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.

Answer 23

Curvature perm

Question 24

The ________ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

Answer 24

Weave technique

Question 25

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 º beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in _________.

Answer 25

On base placement

Question 26

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 º (perpendicular) to its base section, it will result in _______.

Answer 26

Half-off base placement

Question 27

End wraps are absorbent papers used to _______ of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm tools

Answer 27

Control ends

Question 28

When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the ________.

Answer 28

Single flat wrap

Question 29

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the _______.

Answer 29

Bookend wrap

Question 30

What can be used to determined the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?

Answer 30

Preliminary test curl

Question 31

If too many ______ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

Answer 31

Disulfide

Question 32

Under processing is caused by _______ processing time of the waving lotion.

Answer 32

Insufficient

Question 33

I’m permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first _____ minutes.

Answer 33

5 - 10

Question 34

The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called ______.

Answer 34

Processing time

Question 35

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least _______ minutes before applying the neutralizer.

Answer 35

5

Question 36

Some manufacturers recommend the application of a _______ after blotting and before application of a neutralizer.

Answer 36

Pre-neutralizing conditioner

Question 37

Neutralization rebuilds the _______ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.

Answer 37

Disulfide bonds

Question 38

If the hair is not ______, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.

Answer 38

Rinsed properly

Question 39

The hydrogen atoms in the disulfide bonds are to strongly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer that they release their bond with the sulfur atoms and join with the _______.

Answer 39

Oxygen

Question 40

A/an ________ liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if the hair is damaged.

Answer 40

Acidic

Question 41

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are reformed _______

Answer 41

Immediately

Question 42

Disulfide bonds are formed between 2 _______ , located on nearby polypeptide chains.

Answer 42

Cysteine amino acids

Question 43

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause _________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

Answer 43

Uneven curls

Question 44

If you suspect metallic salts are present, mix 1 ounce of 20 volume peroxide with 20 drops of 28% ______ and immerse at least 20 strands for 30 mins.

Answer 44

Ammonia

Question 45

Perming only a section of a whole head head of hair is called ______.

Answer 45

Partial perming

Question 46

The ______ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

Answer 46

Bricklay perm

Question 47

The _____ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.

Answer 47

Spiral

Question 48

When performing a procedural for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the _______.

Answer 48

Nape

Question 49

In order to make a smooth transition from the roller section of the head to an unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a _______.

Answer 49

Partial perm

Question 50

Many male clients are looking for added _______, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.

Answer 50

Fullness