Peritonitis Flashcards
What are the two presentations of peritonitis. (2)
Localized peritonitis.
Generalised peritonitis.
What are some causes of localized peritonitis. (2)
All acute inflammatory conditions of the GIT (eg apendicitis, acute cholecystitis).
What are some causes of peritonitis. (4)
Perforation of peptic ulcer.duodenal ulcer, diverticulum, appendix, bowel or gallbladder.
What are the signs of peritonitis. (8)
Prostration. Shock. Lying still. Positive cough test. Tenderness (rebound/percussion pain). Board-like abdominal rigidity. Guarding. No BS.
What might be seen on a erect CXR of a patient with peritonitis.
May show gas under the diaphragm.
What condition mimics the signs and symptoms of peritonitis. (2)
Acute pancreatitis.
Always check serum amylase.
How is peritonitis (caused by perforation) usually treated.
Laparotomy.
What are some causes of local peritonitis. (4)
Diverticulitis.
Cholecystitis.
Salpingitis.
Appendicitis.
What should be done if an abscess if suspected in a patient with peritonitis.
Ultrasound or CT.
What are the indications of abscess involvement in peritonitis. (3)
Swinging fever.
Swelling.
Raised WCC.
What is the pathology of generalised peritonitis.
Results from irritation of the peritoneum owing to infection or from chemical irritation due to leakage of intestinal contents.
What are the most common causative organisms in generalised peritonitis. (2)
E.coli.
Bacteroides.
What is involved in generalised peritonitis. (2)
The peritoneal cavity becomes acutely inflamed, with production of an inflammatory exudate that spreads throughout the peritoneum, leading to intestinal dilatation and paralytic ileus.
How is peritonitis usually treated.
Surgically.
What are the aspects involved in the treatment of peritonitis. (2)
Peritoneal lavage of the abdominal cavity.
Specific treatment of the underlying condition.
