Hiatus Hernias Flashcards
What are the two types of hiatus hernias. (2)
Sliding hiatus hernia.
Rolling hiatus hernia.
What is the pathology of a sliding hiatus hernia.
It is where the gastro-oesophageal junction slides up into the chest.
What percentage of hiatus hernias are sliding.
80%.
What percentage of hiatus hernias are rolling.
20%.
What is a common symptom of a sliding hiatus hernia.
Acid reflux often happens as the lower oesophageal sphincter becomes less competent in many cases.
Why does acid reflux occur in some cases of hiatus hernias.
As the LOS becomes less competent.
What is a rolling hiatus hernia.
It is where the gastro-oesphageal junction remains in the abdomen but a bulge of stomach herniates up into the chest alongside the oesophagus.
Is acid reflux common in a rolling hiatus hernia.
No, as the gastro-oesophageal junction remains intact.
What are the clinical features of a hiatus hernia.
None, any symptoms are due to the associated gastro-oesophageal reflux.
How common are symptoms in a hiatus hernia.
50% have symptomatic gastro-oesphageal reflux.
Who is most prone to developing symptoms due to a hiatus hernia. (2)
Especially obese women.
>50 years old.
What is the best diagnostic test for a hiatus hernia.
Barium swallow.
How common are hiatus hernias.
Present in 30% of people over the age of 50.
What may occur in a rolling hiatus hernia.
Occasionally severe pain occurs due to volvulus or strangulation.
