peritoneum Flashcards
Which layer of the peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity?
a) Visceral peritoneum
b) Parietal peritoneum
c) Serosal peritoneum
d) Fibrous peritoneum
Answer: b) Parietal peritoneum
What is the peritoneum?
a) A single-layered membrane
b) A two-layered transparent serous membrane
c) A fibrous connective tissue layer
d) A thick muscular layer
Answer: b) A two-layered transparent serous membrane
What type of membrane is the peritoneum?
a) Mucous membrane
b) Serous membrane
c) Cutaneous membrane
d) Synovial membrane
Answer: b) Serous membrane
What does the visceral peritoneum do?
a) Covers the outer body wall
b) Invests the abdominal viscera
c) Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen
d) Produces digestive enzymes
Answer: b) Invests the abdominal viscera
What is the function of the peritoneum?
a) To produce bile
b) To store nutrients
c) To support the viscera and provide pathways for vessels
d) To secrete digestive juices
Answer: c) To support the viscera and provide pathways for vessels
What is found between the two layers of the peritoneum?
a) Lymphatic fluid
b) Peritoneal fluid
c) Synovial fluid
d) Cerebrospinal fluid
Answer: b) Peritoneal fluid
What is the purpose of peritoneal fluid?
a) To lubricate the peritoneal cavity
b) To digest food
c) To store energy
d) To transport oxygen
Answer: a) To lubricate the peritoneal cavity
The peritoneal cavity is divided into how many major parts?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: b) Two
What are the two major divisions of the peritoneal cavity?
a) Anterior sac and posterior sac
b) Right sac and left sac
c) Greater sac and lesser sac
d) Upper sac and lower sac
Answer: c) Greater sac and lesser sac
What connects the greater sac and the lesser sac?
a) Fallopian tubes
b) Epiploic foramen
c) Esophageal hiatus
d) Diaphragm
Answer: b) Epiploic foramen
In which gender is the peritoneal cavity a completely closed sac?
a) Males
b) Females
c) Both males and females
d) Neither males nor females
Answer: a) Males
What is the role of the epiploic foramen?
a) It separates the lungs and the stomach
b) It connects the greater and lesser sacs
c) It secretes peritoneal fluid
d) It supports abdominal organs
Answer: b) It connects the greater and lesser sacs
In females, why is the peritoneal cavity considered an open sac?
a) Due to the presence of the esophagus
b) Because of the connection through the fallopian tubes
c) Because it is incomplete at birth
d) Because it has more peritoneal fluid
Answer: b) Because of the connection through the fallopian tubes
Which of the following is NOT a function of the peritoneum?
a) Supporting the viscera
b) Providing pathways for blood vessels
c) Producing digestive enzymes
d) Lubricating the peritoneal cavity
Answer: c) Producing digestive enzymes
Where is the peritoneal cavity located?
a) Inside the thoracic cavity
b) Between the two layers of the peritoneum
c) Outside the digestive tract
d) Between the lungs
Answer: b) Between the two layers of the peritoneum
What is the main structural difference between the peritoneal cavities in males and females?
a) Males have a larger peritoneal cavity
b) The peritoneal cavity is closed in males but open in females
c) The peritoneal cavity is absent in males
d) Females have only a parietal peritoneum
Answer: b) The peritoneal cavity is closed in males but open in females
Which of the following structures is covered by the visceral peritoneum?
a) Heart
b) Abdominal viscera
c) Lungs
d) Spinal cord
Answer: b) Abdominal viscera
Which statement is true about the greater and lesser sacs?
a) They are two separate cavities with no connection
b) They are connected via the epiploic foramen
c) The lesser sac is larger than the greater sac
d) Only the lesser sac contains peritoneal fluid
Answer: b) They are connected via the epiploic foramen
What provides the pathways for blood vessels within the abdominal cavity?
a) Parietal pleura
b) Visceral peritoneum
c) Peritoneal fluid
d) Diaphragm
Answer: b) Visceral peritoneum
Which of the following best describes the function of peritoneal fluid?
a) It digests food
b) It provides lubrication to reduce friction between organs
c) It stores nutrients
d) It transports oxygen
Answer: b) It provides lubrication to reduce friction between organs
What is the omentum?
a) A single layer of peritoneum
b) A double layer of peritoneum extending from the stomach and duodenum to other organs
c) A thick fibrous tissue surrounding the liver
d) A muscular structure supporting the intestines
Answer: b) A double layer of peritoneum extending from the stomach and duodenum to other organs
Which of the following structures connects the stomach to other abdominal organs?
a) Mesentery
b) Omentum
c) Peritoneal recess
d) Subphrenic space
Answer: b) Omentum
The lesser omentum extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach to which structures?
a) The liver and the distal part of the duodenum
b) The spleen and the pancreas
c) The greater curvature of the stomach and the transverse colon
d) The kidneys and the adrenal glands
Answer: a) The liver and the distal part of the duodenum
The greater omentum descends from which structure?
a) Lesser curvature of the stomach
b) Greater curvature of the stomach
c) Duodenum only
d) Liver
Answer: b) Greater curvature of the stomach
How many peritoneal layers does the greater omentum have?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
Answer: c) Four
The greater omentum extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to which structure?
a) The kidneys
b) The posterior abdominal wall
c) The anterior surface of the transverse colon
d) The diaphragm
Answer: c) The anterior surface of the transverse colon
What is another name for the omental foramen?
a) Hepatic portal
b) Peritoneal cavity
c) Epiploic foramen
d) Lesser sac
Answer: c) Epiploic foramen
What forms the anterior boundary of the omental foramen?
a) Inferior vena cava
b) Hepatoduodenal ligament
c) Left subhepatic space
d) Caudate lobe of the liver
Answer: b) Hepatoduodenal ligament
The right hepato-renal recess is part of which peritoneal cavity division?
a) Supracolic recess
b) Infracolic recess
c) Retroperitoneal space
d) Omental bursa
Answer: a) Supracolic recess
Which of the following is NOT part of the supracolic recesses?
a) Right subphrenic space
b) Left subphrenic space
c) Right inframesenteric recess
d) Right hepato-renal recess
Answer: c) Right inframesenteric recess
The peritoneal cavity contains which two major recesses?
a) Anterior and posterior recesses
b) Right and left pleural recesses
c) Supracolic and infracolic recesses
d) Hepatic and gastric recesses
Answer: c) Supracolic and infracolic recesses
What is the function of the mesentery?
a) Connects the stomach to other organs
b) Provides structural support to the heart
c) Connects peritoneal structures to the posterior abdominal wall
d) Separates the right and left kidneys
Answer: c) Connects peritoneal structures to the posterior abdominal wall
Which structure is posterior to the omental foramen?
a) Common bile duct
b) Inferior vena cava
c) Stomach
d) Hepatic artery
Answer: b) Inferior vena cava
Which structure is located superiorly to the omental foramen?
a) Inferior vena cava
b) Caudate lobe of the liver
c) Hepatoduodenal ligament
d) Peritoneal recess
Answer: b) Caudate lobe of the liver
Which structure is located inferiorly to the omental foramen?
a) Greater omentum
b) Superior part of the duodenum
c) Portal vein
d) Right kidney
Answer: b) Superior part of the duodenum
What is the omental bursa also known as?
a) Greater sac
b) Lesser sac
c) Infracolic compartment
d) Subphrenic space
Answer: b) Lesser sac
Which of the following structures contains the hepatic artery, portal vein, and common bile duct?
a) Greater omentum
b) Mesentery
c) Hepatoduodenal ligament
d) Lesser omentum
Answer: c) Hepatoduodenal ligament
Which of the following best describes a peritoneal ligament?
a) A single layer of peritoneum supporting the stomach
b) Two folds of peritoneum that support structures
c) A muscular band within the peritoneal cavity
d) A connection between the liver and gallbladder
Answer: b) Two folds of peritoneum that support structures
Which recess is found in the infracolic compartment?
a) Right supramesenteric recess
b) Right hepato-renal recess
c) Left subphrenic recess
d) Left subhepatic recess
Answer: a) Right supramesenteric recess
Which fold is NOT found below the umbilicus?
a) Median umbilical fold
b) Lateral umbilical fold
c) Falciform ligament
d) Medial umbilical fold
Answer: c) Falciform ligament
What is the main difference between the mesentery and omentum?
a) The mesentery connects peritoneal structures to the posterior abdominal wall, while the omentum connects the stomach to other organs
b) The mesentery has four layers, while the omentum has two layers
c) The mesentery contains the portal vein, whereas the omentum contains the hepatic artery
d) The mesentery is part of the lesser omentum
Answer: a) The mesentery connects peritoneal structures to the posterior abdominal wall, while the omentum connects the stomach to other organs
Which ligament is located above the umbilicus?
a) Gastrosplenic ligament
b) Falciform ligament
c) Gastrocolic ligament
d) Lienorenal ligament
Answer: b) Falciform ligament
The round ligament (ligamentum teres) is a remnant of which fetal structure?
a) Urachus
b) Umbilical vein
c) Inferior epigastric artery
d) Umbilical artery
Answer: b) Umbilical vein
Which structure is found within the median umbilical fold?
a) Inferior epigastric vessels
b) Umbilical artery
c) Urachus
d) Portal vein
Answer: c) Urachus
What structure does the medial umbilical fold contain?
a) Urachus
b) Umbilical artery
c) Inferior epigastric vessels
d) Hepatic vein
Answer: b) Umbilical artery
The lateral umbilical fold contains which of the following?
a) Inferior epigastric vessels
b) Portal vein
c) Hepatic artery
d) Urachus
Answer: a) Inferior epigastric vessels
The transverse vesical fold is located in which region?
a) Above the umbilicus
b) Below the umbilicus
c) Near the greater omentum
d) Between the spleen and liver
Answer: b) Below the umbilicus
Which fossa is located between the medial and lateral umbilical folds?
a) Supravesical fossa
b) Medial inguinal fossa
c) Lateral inguinal fossa
d) Epiploic foramen
Answer: b) Medial inguinal fossa
The supravesical fossa is positioned above which structure?
a) The urinary bladder
b) The spleen
c) The stomach
d) The lesser omentum
Answer: a) The urinary bladder
The lateral inguinal fossa is located in which region?
a) Below the umbilicus
b) Above the umbilicus
c) Near the portal vein
d) Between the spleen and stomach
Answer: a) Below the umbilicus
