Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2.4 Anatomy > Peritoneum > Flashcards

Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

What is peritoneum?

A

It is a thin, serous membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities, and reflects onto the viscera providing complete or partial covering.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 2 layers of peritoneum?

A

Parietal peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is found between the 2 layers of peritoneum?

A

The peritoneal cavity, which is normally filled with only a few mm of serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is parietal peritoneum?

A

The layer of peritoneum applied to the inner aspect of the abdominal and pelvic walls, and continues superiorly to the undersurface of the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which somatic nerves serve the parietal peritoneum?

A

Those that provide sensory innervation to the body wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the parietal peritoneum sensitive to?

A

Pain, touch, pressure, heat and cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is pain poorly or well localised by the parietal peritoenum?

A

Well localised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the parietal peritoneum form anteriorly?

A

It forms peritoneal folds containing structures and vessels from foetal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What parietal peritoneal folds are found below the umbilicus?

A

Median umbilical ligament
Medial umbilical ligament
Lateral umbilical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the median umbilical ligament contain?

A

Urachus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the medial umbilical ligament contain?

A

Obliterated umbilical artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the lateral umbilical ligament contain?

A

Inferior epigastric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What parietal peritoneal folds are found superiorly to the umbilicus?

A

Round ligament of the liver or Ligamentum teres hepatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is contained within the round ligament of the liver?

A

Obliterated umbilical vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the visceral peritoneum line?

A

It lines the viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which nerves serve the visceral peritoneum?

A

The nerves that serve the viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the visceral peritoneum sensitive to?

A

It is sensitive to stretching, but not heat, cold and touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is pain poorly or well localised by the visceral peritoneum?

A

It is poorly localised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is pain from the visceral peritoneum lining the foregut experienced?

A

Epigastric region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where is pain from the visceral peritoneum lining the midgut experienced?

A

Umbilical region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is pain from the visceral peritoneum lining the hindgut experienced?

A

Pubic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When is an organ classified as intraperitoneal?

A

When all of its surfaces are covered by peritoneum, thus the entire organ is covered by peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When is an organ classified as retroperitoneal?

A

When only its anterior and/or lateral surfaces are covered by peritoneum, thus the organ lies outside the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When is an organ classified as subperitoneal?

A

When only the superior surface of the organ is covered by peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which organs are intraperitoneal?

A

Stomach
Liver
Spleen
Gallbladder
Appendix
Caecum
Jejunum
Ileum
Transverse and sigmoid colon
Part of duodenum and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which organs are retroperitoneal?

A

Parts of duodenum and pancreas
Ascending and descending colon
Kidneys and ureters
Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which organs are subperitoneal?

A

Bladder
Uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity?

A

The potential space that lies between parietal and visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the divisions of the peritoneal cavity?

A

Greater sac
Lesser sac (omental bursa)

30
Q

Where is the greater sac located?

A

It begins at the diaphragm and continues into the pelvic cavity. It is the area lying anterior to the abdominal organs

31
Q

Where is the lesser sac located?

A

It is smaller and located posterior to the stomach and liver

32
Q

How does the greater and lesser sac communicate?

A

Through the omental/epiploic foramen

33
Q

Where is the epiploic foramen located?

A

In the region between the stomach and liver

34
Q

What is ascites?

A

Large accumulations of peritoneal fluid in the peritoneal cavity

35
Q

What is omentum?

A

A double layer of peritoneum which passes from the stomach and first part of the duodenum, and connects to the abdominal viscera

36
Q

What are the types of omentum?

A

Greater omentum and lesser omentum

37
Q

What is the greater omentum derived from?

A

Dorsal mesentery

38
Q

What does the greater omentum attach to?

A

It attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum, and then drapes inferior over the transverse colon and the coils of the ileum and jejunum
It then turns posterior to ascend and become adherent to the superior and anterior surface of the transverse colon

39
Q

How many layers of peritoneum makes up the greater omentum

A

4 layers?

40
Q

Which arteries are located within the greater omentum?

A

Right and left gasto-omental (gastroepiploic) arteries

41
Q

What is the lesser omentum derived from?

A

Ventral mesentery

42
Q

Where does the lesser omentum extend from?

A

It extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum to the inferior surface of the liver

43
Q

What are the divisions of the lesser omentum?

A

Hepatogastric ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament

44
Q

What is the relation of the hepatoduodenal ligament to the epiploic foramen?

A

It is the anterior border of the epiploic foramen

45
Q

Which structures are found in the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

Portal triad - hepatic artery proper, portal vein and bile duct

46
Q

What is mesentery?

A

This is a double layer of peritoneum that attach viscera to the posterior abdominal wall

47
Q

Where does mesentery arise from?

A

Dorsal mesentery

48
Q

What does the mesentery allow movement and passage for?

A

It allows for movement and passage of the vessels, nerve and lymphatics, specifically the SMA

49
Q

What is the mesentery associated with the transverse colon?

A

Transverse mesocolon

50
Q

What is the mesentery associated with the sigmoid colon?

A

Sigmoid mesocolon

51
Q

What is the root of the mesentery?

A

It is the point of origin of the mesentery and the point at which it attaches to the posterior abdominal wall

52
Q

Where does the root of the mesentery extend from?

A

It extends from the duodenojejunal junction to the ileocaecal junction

53
Q

Which artery is found within the root of the mesentery?

A

The superior mesenteric artery

54
Q

What is the transverse mesocolon?

A

It is a long, horizontal root that connects the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall

55
Q

What does the transverse mesocolon divide the greater sac into?

A

Supracolic compartment
Infracolic compartmetn

56
Q

What divides the supracolic compartment?

A

Falciform ligament

57
Q

What does the falciform ligament divide the supracolic compartment into?

A

2 subphrenic compartments

58
Q

What divides the infracolic compartment?

A

The root of the mesentery

59
Q

What does the root of the mesentery divide the infracolic compartment into?

A

Left and right infracolic compartments

60
Q

What is the sigmoid mesocolon?

A

It is an inverted V-shaped peritoneal fold that attaches the sigmoid colon to the posterior abdominal wall

61
Q

What is related to the apex of the sigmoid mesocolon?

A

The bifurcation of the left common iliac artery

62
Q

What are ligaments?

A

These are 2 layers of peritoneum that connect two organs to each other or attach the organ to the body wall

63
Q

Which ligaments are found on the liver?

A

Triangular, coronary, falciform and round ligament

64
Q

Which ligaments extend from the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Falciform ligament

65
Q

What does the falciform ligament divide the liver into?

A

It divides the liver into right and left lobes

66
Q

What does the falciform ligament continue superior as?

A

Coronary ligaments

67
Q

What does the coronary ligament end as?

A

Left and right triangular ligaments

68
Q

What does the falciform ligament continue as inferiorly?

A

Round ligament of the liver

69
Q

What does the round ligament of the liver attach to?

A

Umbilicus

70
Q

What attaches the liver to the stomach and duodenum?

A

Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

71
Q

What attaches the spleen to the stomach and kidney?

A

Gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments

72
Q

What is a bare area?

A

An area of the organ that is not covered by visceral peritoneum to allow for entrance and exit of neurovascular structures

2.4 Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions