Peritoneal cavity

Question 1

What is the difference between omentum and mesentry?

Answer 1

Both are double fold of peritoneum but the omentum attaches the stomach to either the liver (lesser omentum) or the colon (Greater omentum) and mesentery attaches the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall

Question 2

Where does the lesser omentum run?

Answer 2

From the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum to the porta hepatis of the liver

Question 3

Where does the Greater omentum run?

Answer 3

From the Greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon

Question 4

Where is the lesser sac?

Answer 4

Lies behind the stomach and liver - it is a space created by the greater and lesser omentum

Question 5

What is the role of the falciform ligament?

Answer 5

It lies on the anterior surface of the liver, running between the right and left lobes of the liver and attaches the liver the anterior abdominal wall (rectus sheath) - to the level of the umbiliccus

Question 6

What does the umbilical vein of the fetus become?

Answer 6

Ligamentum teres or round ligament of the liver - this attaches the falciform ligament of the liver - and passes between the quadrate and left lobes of the liver

Question 7

Where is the coronary ligament?

Answer 7

Two ligaments that travel from from the under surface of the diaphragm to the upper and posterior surfaces of the liver (posteriorly and anteriorly)

Question 8

Where are the triangular ligaments?

Answer 8

Either side of the coronary ligaments at the top pole of the liver where the coronary liagments (anterior and posterior) meet

Question 9

Where is the “bare” area of the liver?

Answer 9

On the posterior surface between the two coronary ligaments on the right lobe of the liver

Question 10

What is the liagmentum venosum?

Answer 10

A remnant of the ductus venosus

Question 11

What does the ductus venosus form?

Answer 11

The ligamentum venosum on the posterior aspect of the liver

Question 12

What is another name for the lesser sac?

Answer 12

The omental bursa

Question 13

What is the epiploic foramen?

Answer 13

The entrance to the lesser sac which lies behind the stomach

Question 14

What are the surrounding structures for the lesser sac?

Answer 14

Anteriorly = lesser omentum
Posteriorly = inferior vena cava
Superiorly = caudate lobe of liver
Inferiorly = 1st part of the duodenum

Question 15

What is another name for the epiploic foramen?

Answer 15

The foramen of winslow

Question 16

What is the transverse mesocolon?

Answer 16

A mesentry attaching the transverse colon to the posterior abdominal wall

Question 17

Which parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?

Answer 17

Ascending and descending

Question 18

Which parts of the pancreas are retroperitoneal?

Answer 18

Head and body

Question 19

Which parts of the duodenum are retroperitoneal?

Answer 19

2nd to 4th

Question 20

Where does the umbilical fold run?

Answer 20

It is a ligament that runs from the medial aspect of the inguinal ligament and up to the arcuate line

Question 21

What is the clinical significance of the umbilical fold?

Answer 21

The inferior epigastric artery runs inferior to it?

Question 22

Where does the median umbilical ligament lie?

Answer 22

Along the midline on the posterior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall from the superior aspect of the bladder to the umbilicus

Question 23

What is the median umbilical ligament a remnant of?

Answer 23

The urachus

Question 24

What is the urachus?

Answer 24

An embryological structure that extends from the superior pole of the bladder to the umbilicus and drains the urine into the amniotic fluid

Question 25

What does the urachus turn into after birth?

Answer 25

The median umbilical ligament

Question 26

What is the medial umbilical ligament?

Answer 26

Two paired ligaments that run lateral to the median ligament and are remnants of the umbilical arteries

Question 27

What do the umbilical arteries turn into after birth?

Answer 27

Medial umbilical ligaments