Anterior abdominal wall

Question 1

Insertion of rectus abdominus

Answer 1

From 5th-7th cartilage of ribs and xiphoid process to pubic crest

Question 2

Lateral boundary of the rectus abdominus

Answer 2

linea semilunaris

Question 3

Midline boundary of the rectus abdominus

Answer 3

linea alba

Question 4

What is the blood supply to the rectus abdominus?

Answer 4

Superiorly - superior epigastric artery
Inferiorly - inferior epigastric artery
Also intercostal arteries

Question 5

What is the innervation of the rectus abdominus?

Answer 5

T7-T11

Question 6

Where does the inferior epigastric artery enter into the rectus sheath?

Answer 6

At the arcuate line (midway between umbilicus and pubis)

Question 7

Which artery does the inferior epigastric artery arise from?

Answer 7

The external iliac artery

Question 8

Which artery does the superior epigastric artery arise from?

Answer 8

The internal thoracic artery

Question 9

Where do the superior and inferior epigastric arteries anastamose?

Answer 9

At the level of the umbilicus

Question 10

What are the lateral muscles of the anterior abdominal wall (anterior most to posterior most)

Answer 10

Most anterior = external oblique
Second most anterior = internal oblique
Most posterior = transversus abdominus

Question 11

What is the direction of external oblique fibres?

Answer 11

Hands in pockets (infero-medially)

Question 12

What is innervation of the external oblique?

Answer 12

T7-T12

Question 13

What is the blood supply to the external oblique?

Answer 13

Superiorly - inferior intercostal arteries

Inferiorly : Deep circumflex iliac artery

Question 14

Which direction do the internal oblique muscle fibres run in?

Answer 14

Supero- medially - crossing arms to cover breasts

Question 15

What is the innervation of internal oblique muscles

Answer 15

T7- T12

Question 16

What is the innervation of the transversus abdominus?

Answer 16

T7-T12

Question 17

What does the anterior leave of the rectus sheath contain above the arcuate line?

Answer 17

Aponeurosis of internal and external oblique

Question 18

What does the posterior leave of the rectus sheath contain above the arcuate line?

Answer 18

Aponeurosis of internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Question 19

What does the anterior leave of the rectus sheath contain below the arcuate line?

Answer 19

External oblique
Internal oblique
AND tranversus abdominus

Question 20

What does the posterior leave of the rectus sheath contain below the arcuate line?

Answer 20

Nothing - there are no aponeuroses after this point, the rectus abdominus is in direct contact the transversalis fascia

Question 21

What’s the difference between Camper’s and Scarpa’s fascia?

Answer 21

Camper’s fascia = fatty layer (superficial layer)
Scarpa’s fascia = fibrous layer (deep layer)
C comes before S in the alphabet, and fatty foods make happy campers

Question 22

Which nerves are contained within the rectus sheath?

Answer 22

The first 7 ventral rami of the thoracic nerves

Question 23

What is the median ligament formed from?

Answer 23

Urachus

Question 24

What is the medial ligament formed from?

Answer 24

Paired umbilical arteries of the fetus

Question 25

What do the fetal umbilical arteries form?

Answer 25

Medial ligaments

Question 26

What does the urachus form?

Answer 26

The median ligament