Blood vessels to female pelvis Flashcards
At which vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?
L4
Where do the common iliac arteries bifurcate?
Anterior to the sacroiliac joint
What are the branches of the external iliac artery?
Inferior epigastric
Deep circumflex
Femoral
What is the main artery supplying the pelvis?
The internal iliac artery
What is the blood supply to the ovaries?
Ovarian artery from abdominal aorta
Where do the ovarian arteries arise from?
Abdominal aorta at L2
What are the posterior branches of the internal iliac artery?
Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal
I (iliolumbar) Love (lateral sacral) Going (Superior gluteal)
Which branch is posterior and which is anterior (inferior gluteal vs. superior gluteal artery)?
Superior is posterior
Inferior is anterior
I comes before S in the alphabet
How does the inferior gluteal artery leave the pelvis?
Via the greater sciatic foramen
How does the iliolumbar artery leave the pelvis?
Via the pelvis pelvic inlet
What is the first branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?
The iliolumbar artery
Where does the iliolumbar artery arise from?
The posterior branch of the external iliac artery
What is the second branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?
Lateral sacral artery
Where does the lateral sacral artery branch from?
The posterior branch of the internal iliac artery
What is the third branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?
Superior gluteal artery
Where does the superior gluteal artery arise from?
The posterior branch of the internal iliac artery
How does the superior gluteal artery leave the pelvis?
Via the greater sciatic foramen
What is the first branch of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery?
The uterine artery
Which arteries supply the uterus?
Uterine and ovarian arteries
What does the uterine artery supply?
Uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, round ligament of the uterus + forms an anastomosis with the ovarian artery
What is the uterine artery referred to in males?
The artery of the vas deferens
Where does the obturator artery arise from?
The anterior branch of the internal iliac artery (second branch)
What does the obturator artery supply?
Adductor muscles of the thigh
How does the obturator artery exit the pelvis, what does it supply and where does it arise form?
Arises from anterior branch of the anterior branch of internal iliac artery, passes out of the pelvis via the obturator foramen and supplies the adductor muscles of the thigh
Where does the umbilical artery arise from?
Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery
Where does the superior vesical artery arise from?
The anterior branch of the internal iliac artery gives rise ot the umbilical artery which gives rise to the superior vesical artery
What does the superior vesical artery supply?
Upper and middle segments of the urinary bladder
Where does the vaginal artery arise from?
Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery
What does the vaginal artery supply?
Vagina (obviously!)
Also the base of the bladder
Where does the middle rectal artery arise from?
Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery
What does the middle rectal artery supply?
Rectal muscles
Lower vagina
Which rectal artery arises from the internal iliac artery?
The middle rectal artery
What are the terminal branches of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery?
Inferior gluteal
Internal pudendal
What is the course of the pudendal artery?
Terminal branch of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery, leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, re-enters via the lesser sciatic foramen and courses through the lateral wall of the ischio-rectal fossa
Where does the inferior rectal artery arise from?
The internal pudendal artery
What does the internal pudendal artery supply
Labia, clitoris and perineum
Where does the superior rectal artery arise from?
Inferior mesenteric artery
What does the superior rectal artery supply?
Rectum and muscosa
Where do superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries arise form?
Superior = inferior mesenteric artery Middle = anterior branch of the internal iliac artery Inferior = branch of internal pudendal artery
What does the internal rectal artery supply?
Lower half of the anal canal, internal and external sphincters
Where does the median sacral artery arise from?
Just above the bifurcation of the aorta at L4
What is the blood supply for the posterior surface of the rectum?
The median sacral artery
Where does the superior rectal vein drain to?
Inferior mesenteric vein to hepatic portal vein
Where do the middle rectal veins drain to?
Internal iliac vein
Where do the middle rectal veins arise from?
Haemorrhoidal plexus
Where do the inferior rectal veins drain?
Internal pudendal vein + anastomosis with the superior rectal vein + middle rectal vein
What is drained by the internal pudendal vein?
Labia, clitoris and inferior rectal vein
Where do the internal vesical veins drain to?
The internal iliac vein
What does the vaginal venous plexus anastomose with?
Uterine, vesical and rectal venous plexuses
Where do vaginal veins drain to?
Internal iliac vein
Where does the obturator vein drain into?
The internal iliac vein
What do the obturator veins drain?
The adductor region of the thigh
Where do the uterine veins drain to?
The internal iliac artery
Where are the uterine veins located?
In the broad ligament
What is another name for the internal and external iliac veins?
Hypogastric veins
What do the common iliac veins drain into?
Inferior vena cava
Which vertebral level do the common iliac veins join?
L5
Which vessel supplies the levator ani?
Inferior gluteal artery
Which vessels exit the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen?
Inferior and superior gluteal arteries and veins
Internal pudendal artery and vein
