Peripheral vascular disease II - Varicose Veins Flashcards
How do you get blood out of legs? (3)
1) vessel
2) valves
- to create a one way system
3) pump
- the calf to deliver energy to system
what are the 2 types of varicose veins?
1) primary
2) secondary
what are the causes of varicose veins?
conditions that increase the deep vein pressure causing;
1) deep vein obstruction
2) deep valve incompetence
who is most likely to develop varicose veins?
1) pregnant women
2) obese people
3) women are at greater risk
4)
how should you stop bleeding in a varicose vein?
1) pressurre
2) elevation
what is thrombophlebitis?
clinical feature of a varicose vein
= inflammation of vein caused by blood clot
how would you treat thrombophlebitis?
anti-inflammatory
what is chronic venous insufficiency?
and what 3 things can chronic venous insufficiency result in?
clinical feature of varicose vein
Resulting in;
1) haemosiderin deposits
2) lipodermatosclerosis
- white cell
- inflammation
- fibrosis
- skin tender, but patient systemically well
3) ulceration
- long history/relapsing
how can you investigate varicose veins?
= duplex scan
in duplex scan what 2 main issues should you focus on
1) state of deep veins
2) saphenofemoral or saphenopoliteal incompetence
what non-interventional devices could you use?
= graduate compression
- 4 layer bandage (ulcers)
- stockings (ulcer preventing/symptomatic relief)
how can you treat varicose veins?
= endovenous (duplex guided)
1) foam sclerotherapy (chemical)
= inject foam into a blood vessel to close it
2) endogenous ablation
3) laser - thermal
4) radio frequency - radio wave
what surgical intervention can you do for varicose veins?
- high tie
- distal foam ablation
what are some complications of interventions?
1) thrombophlebitis
2) skin staining
3) local ulceration
4) wound infection
5) nerve damage
6) recurrence
what are varicose veins?
swollen enlarged veins that usually occur in legs or feet.
