Embryology Flashcards
which germ layer forms the heart?
visceral MESODERM
what is the mesothelium the origin of and what does it establish?
origin of heart fields;
1) primary
2) secondary
established in the cranial most end of the embryo to the developing neural tube
how does the heart reach its final position? (2)
1) lateral folding
2) cranio-caudal folding
what is lateral folding?
bings the forming heart tubes to the midline to fuse into a single tube
Name the 5 parts of the heart tube, from cranial to caudal end
1) Truncus arteriosus
2) Bulbus cordis
3) Ventricle
4) atrium
5) sinus venosus
What does the trunks arteriosus of the heart tube produce?
- Aorta
- Pulmonary trunk
Wha does the bulbus cordis of the heart tube produce?
= Trabeculated part of right ventricle outflow part of both ventricles
what does the ventricle of the heart tube produce?
trabeculated part of left ventricle
what does the atrium of the heart tube produce?
trabeculated part of both atrium (i.e. right & left)
what does the sinus venosus of the heart tube produce?
- smooth part of right atrium
- coronary sinus
what 3 vessels enter the right & left horns of the sinus venosus?
1) vitelline vein
2) umbilical vein
3) cardinal vein
what does the vitelline vein drain?
yolk sac
what does the umbilical vein drain?
oxygenated blood from placenta
what does the cardinal vein act as a precursor for?
the systemic venous system
what happens at day 23 of foetal development?
the heart begins to loop & fold
what are the aortic arches associated with?
How many aortic aches are there?
= pharyngeal arches
= 6
what is the 1st and 2nd pair associated to?
mostly obliterated
what is the 5th pairs associated with?
it is rudimentary or absent
what is the 3rd pair associated with?
common carotid aa
- first part of ICA
what is the 4th part associated with?
right subclavian a
- part of aortic arch
what is the 6th part associated with?
- sprout branches that form pulmonary aa
- ductus ateriosus on left
what does the anterior cardinal veins drain?
drain head & neck
what does the posterior cardinal veins drain?
drains trunk
