Peripheral vascular disease

Question 1

What is the pathophysiology of PVD?

Answer 1

Plaque formation = narrowing of the arteries= reduced blood flow to the extremities

Question 2

Causes of peripheral artery disease

Answer 2

1- inflammation of the arteries from infection or autoimmune disease
2-radiation exposure
3-trauma/injury to the blood vessels

Question 3

Signs/symptoms of PAD

Answer 3

1)Claudication
2)Cold feet/legs
3)shiny/pale/discolored skin
4)weak/absent pulse
5)poor or slow wound healing

Question 4

What is claudication?

Answer 4

Pain or cramping in the legs. Usually in the calves during activity. Eases with rest

Question 4

Risk factors for PAD

Answer 4

Smoking, HTN, Obesity, DM, High cholesterol, Age
Sedentary lifestyle

Question 4

What is chronic venous insufficiency?

Answer 4

Improper functioning of the vein valves causing blood to pool

Question 5

How is PAD diagnosed?

Answer 5

Ankle-Brachial index <0.9

Question 5

Signs/symptoms of CVI

Answer 5

1)edema in LEs
2)hyperpigmentation
3)varicose veins
4)venous ulcers
5)pain/heaviness in legs- eases with elevation

Question 5

Causes of of CVI

Answer 5

Valve malfunction
DVT
Varicose veins
Prolonged sitting/ standing

Question 6

Risk factors for CVI

Answer 6

1)Family hx
2)Clotting disorders
3)pregnancy

Question 7

Dx of CVI

Answer 7

Dopplar U/S to look for blood flow/ valve function