Peripheral Blood Smears Flashcards
the part of the peripheral smear that we are interested in looking at
- the feathered edge
RBC size in normal peripheral blood
- the size of a lymphocyte nucleus
area of pallor of RBC in normal peripheral blood
- 1/3 of total RBC diameter
other cell present in normal peripheral blood
- white cells and platelets should be present
name for red cells which vary widely in SIZE
anisocytosis
The RDW measures
- the range of red cell sizes
- distribution of width of red blood cells
name for red cells that are small
- microcytosis
MCV
- direct measurement of RBC volume
- used for measurement in micro and macrocytosis
differential diagnosis of microcytosis includes
- anemia of chronic disease (normally normocytic)
- thalassemias
- lead poisoning
- iron deficiency
- sideroblastic anemia
- hemoglobin C disease and trait
SALTIH
name for large red blood cells
- macrocytosis
differential diagnosis of macrocytosis includes
- B12/folate deficiency
- liver disease
- thyroid disease
- chemotherapy (hydra in particular)
- anti-retrovirals
- aplastic anemia
- MDS (myelodysplastic anemia)
- Elevated reticulocyte count
BLT CAAME - macro
name for red cells that have too little hemoglobin
- hypochromasia
area of central pallor in hypochromasia
- more than 1/3 the total RBC diameter
how to measure hypochromasia
- MCH - mean corpuscular hemoglobin
name for red blood cells that have more of a bluish tinge
- polychromasia
in general, the blue cells are
- larger
- probably reticulocytes
name for red cells that vary widely in SHAPE
- poikilocytosis
name for cells that look like bulls-eyes
- target cells
differential diagnosis of target cells
- liver disease
- thalassemia
- hemoglobin C
- after splenectomy
T SHL
name for cells that have a loss of central pallor
- spherocytes
spherocytes seen in which conditions
- hereditary spherocytosis
- autoimmune hemolysis
if spherocytes are due to autoimmune hemolysis
- the cells are smaller
name for red cell fragments with sharp edges
- schistocytes
schistocytes hallmark of
- microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- MAHA
cells seen in sickle cell anemia
- sickle cells
name of cells with small regulator projections
- Echinocytes
- Burr cells
Echinocytes seen in
- renal disease
cells with larger, irregular projections
- Acanthocytes
- spur cells
acanthocytes seen in
- liver disease
teardrop cells seen in
- myelophthisic processes
- myelofibrosis
- tumor metastatic to marrow
- granulomatous diseases
- leukemias and lymphomas
- (massive) splenomegaly (sometimes)
SLT GMM
myelophthisic processes are diseases of
- marrow infiltration
MARROW IS SO FULL IT’S CRYING OUT TEARS
name for peripheral, small, round, purple inclusions within red cells that represent nuclear remnants
- Howell-Jolly bodies
Howell-Jolly bodies seen
- after splenectomy
- splenic hypofunction
After splenectomy we can also see
- target cells
- acanthocytes
- schistocytes
- nucleated red cells
name for linear arrangements of red cells
- rouleaux
rouleaux seen in which disorders
- those with increased levels of immunoglobulin
- Multiple Myeloma
- Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia
red cell agglutination occurs when
- red cells are coated with IgM
- not orderly and linear
things seen in beta-thalassemia major
- target cells
- Howell-jolly bodies
- nucleated red cells
- schistocytes
- basophilic stippling
- teardrops
cells in megaloblastic anemia
- red cells are macrocytic
- hypersegmented neutrophils can also be seen
cells in autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- polychromasia
- microspherocytes
cell in iron deficiency anemia
- hypochromic
- microcytic - look more like cigars
- increased number of platelets
