Peripheral Blood Films Flashcards
Acanthocytes (Spur/Spike Cells)
Spicules
Abetalipoproteinaemia
Liver disease
Hyposplenism
Basophilic RBC Stippling
Accelerated erythropoesis
Defective Hb Synthesis
Small dots (rRNA) at periphery
Lead poisoning Megaloblastic anemia Myelodysplasia Liver disease Haemoglobinopathy e.g. thalassaemia
Burr Cells (Echinocyte)
Irregularly shaped
Uraemia
GI Bleeding
Stomach Carcinoma
Heinz Bodies
Denatured Hb included in RBCs
G6P Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Chronic Liver Disease
Howell-Jolly Bodies
Basophilic (purple spot) nuclear remnanst in RBCs
Post-spenectomy or Hyposplenism (Sickle Cell Disease, Coeliac Disease, Congenital, UC/Crohn’s, Myeloproliferative Disease, Amyloid)
Megaloblastic Anaemia
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Leucoerythroblastic (Myelophthisic) Anaemia
Marrow Infiltration - Nucleated RBCs and primitive WBCs into peripheral blood
Marrow Infiltration eg. Myelofibrosis,
Malignancy
Pelger Huet Cells
Hyposegmented Neutrophil
Congenital (lamin B Receptor mutation)
Acquired (myelogenous leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes)
Polychromasia (sign of reticulocytes)
RBCs of multiple colours (grey-blue)
Due to differing amounts of Hb in RBC
Premature/Inappropriate BM release
Reticulocytes
Immature RBCs (mesh-like network of ribosomal RNA visible under certain stains eg New Methylene Blue)
Increase in Haemolytic Anaemia
Reduced in Aplastic Anaemia and Chemo
Right Shift
Hypermature White Cells Hypersegmented Polymorphs (>5 Nuclear Lobes)
Megaloblastic Anaemia
Uraemia
Liver Disease
Rouleaux Formation
Stacked RBCs
CHronic Inflammation
Paraproteinaemia
Myeloma
Schistocytes
Fragmented RBC segments
Irregularly shaped, jagged, asymmetrical
Microangiopathic anaemia eg DIC
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Pre-Eclampsia
Spherocytes
Sphere Shaped RBCs
Hereditary Spherocyosis
Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia
Stomatocytes
Central pallor is straight or cuved. rod-like shape
RBCs have smiling faces or fish mouth
Hereditary stomatocytosis
High alcohol intake
Liver Disease
Target Cells (Codocyte)
Bull’s-eye appearance in central pallor
Liver Disease
Hyposlenism
Thalassaemia
IDA
