Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cell Bio III > Peripheral blood > Flashcards

Peripheral blood Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is serum?

A

Plasma minus the fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What imparts the yellow color to plasma?

A

Bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Loss of albumin leads to what condition?

A

Edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gamma globulins are synthesized by what cell?

A

Plasma cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the clotting factors?

A
  1. Prothrombin
  2. Fibrinogen
  3. Accelerator globulin (Factor VII)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is polycythemia?

A

Elevated RBC levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the major transmembrane proteins in RBCs?

A

Glycophorin and Band 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the Band 3 RBC transmembrane protein?

A

Transports HCO3- and Cl- across plasma membrane in order to increase the amount of CO2 in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Band 4.1 is associated with what components of the RBC plasma membrane scaffold?

A
  1. Glycophorin
  2. Actin
  3. Spectrin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Band 4.2 is associated with what components of the RBC plasma membrane scaffold?

A
  1. Band 3
  2. Ankyrin
  3. Spectrin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What protein promotes actin-spectrin association?

A

Adducin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of adducin?

A

Promotes actin-spectrin association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A mutation in band 3, ankyrin, spectrin, or band 4.2 lead to what condition?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis - spherical RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A mutations in glycophorin, spectrin, or protein 4.1 lead to what condition?

A

Elliptocytosis - elliptical RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hereditary spherocytosis results from a mutation in any of which proteins?

A

Band 3, ankyrin, spectrin, band 4.2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elliptocytosis results from a mutation in any of which proteins?

A

Glycophorin, spectrin, protein 4.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What antigens are responsible for the malaria toxin?

A

Duffy system antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are Howell-Jolly bodies?

A

Small basophilic nuclear fragments in the cytoplasm of RBCs

19
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies are seen in which conditions?

A
  1. Severe hemolytic anemia
  2. Dysfunctional spleens
  3. Post-splenectomy
20
Q

Which RBC inclusions are seen in severe hemolytic anemia, dysfunctional spleens, and following a splenectomy?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

21
Q

What are Heinz bodies?

A

Inclusions of damaged Hb

22
Q

How are bite cells formed?

A

Macrophages take a chunk out of an RBC that has a Heinz body in it

23
Q

What is the immediate precursor to the RBC?

A

Reticulocyte

24
Q

What is indicated by an increase in reticulocyte values?

A

Body has an increased demand for oxygen that is not being met (e.g. hemorrhage, altitude)

25
Q

Which granulocyte is associated with bacterial infections?

A

Neutrophil

26
Q

What is the immediate precursor to neutrophils?

A

Band cell

27
Q

What is indicated by a left shift with respect to band cells / neutrophils?

A

Acute bacterial infection

28
Q

What are represented by azurophilic granules?

A

Lysosomes

29
Q

What is the function of the enzymes located in tertiary granules?

A

Degradation of ECM and basal lamina to facilitate neutrophil migration into tissue

30
Q

What is a Dohle body?

A

Represents dilated rER - seen in infections and some other conditions

31
Q

What is the nuclear appearance of eosinophils?

A

Bilobular

32
Q

Eosinophils are specialized at destroying what type of insult?

A

Parasitic infection

33
Q

What is the nuclear appearance of basophils?

A

S-shaped, obscured by dark stained basophilic cytoplasm

34
Q

Which enzymes are contained within the specific granules of basophils?

A

Histamine, heparin, eosinophilic and chemotaxic factor, neutrophilic chemotaxic factor, peroxidase

35
Q

Do agranulocytes contain azurophilic granules?

A

Yes

36
Q

What are the agranulocytes?

A
  1. Lymphocytes

2. Monocytes

37
Q

What are the cellular characteristics of lymphocytes?

A
  1. Small - roughly same size as RBCs
  2. Narrow rim of basophilic cytoplasm with numerous ribosomes
  3. Prominent nucleus
38
Q

What are the cellular characteristics of monocytes?

A
  1. Large
  2. Large kidney shaped nucleus
  3. Blue-gray cytoplasm
  4. Numerous azurophilic granules
  5. Migrate into tissues to become macrophages
39
Q

What are the four zones of platelets?

A
  1. Peripheral
  2. Structural
  3. Membrane
  4. Organelle
40
Q

What constitutes the peripheral zone of RBCs?

A

Plasma membrane and glycocalyx

41
Q

What constitutes the structural zone of RBCs?

A

Microtubules, actin, and myosin monomers (maintains shape)

42
Q

What constitutes the membrane zone of RBCs?

A

Open canalicular system and dense tubular system

43
Q

What constitutes the organelle zone of RBCs?

A
  1. Mitochondria
  2. Glycogen granules
  3. Peroxisomes
  4. Three granule types - lambda, alpha, delta (lysosomes)

Cell Bio III (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions