periodontitis- risk for systemic disease Flashcards
what were the problems with the focal infection concept
- Extracting teeth didn’t necessarily cure disease
- People with good oral health and no infection still developed systemic diseases
- People with no teeth still developed systemic diseases
list the steps of the acute-phase reaction cascade
Triggering factors
Local reaction
Mediators
Secondary systemic reaction
what are the “triggering factors” of the acute-phase reaction cascade?
– Infection – Necrosis – Surgery – Neoplasia – Radiation
list the cell types involved in the “local responses” during the acute-phase reaction cascade
– Macrophages
– Fibroblasts
– Endothelial and other cells
_________ are responsible for the production and release of inflammatory cytokines
mediators
what inflammatory mediators are involved in the acute-phase reaction cascade?
– TNF-alpha
– IL-1
– IL-6
– IFN-gamma
what are the characteristics of a secondary systemic reaction?
– Fever and leukocytosis
– Complement activation
– Serum glucocorticoids increased
– Altered synthesis of acute phase proteins
opsonization, lysis, and chemotaxis (CTX) are all _______ components
compliment
what does alpha2-macroglobulin inhibit?
protease
inhibits enzyme
what are C-reactive proteins involved in?
opsonization
T/F: fibrinogen and plasminogen are important in the acute phase
true
_____% of Americans 30 yrs and older (64.7 million total) have periodontitis
47
Periodontal pockets provide a significant surface area exposed to ________ biofilm
gram-negative
during periodontitis, there is a systemic exposure to what?
– Bacteria and bacterial products
– Inflammatory cytokines
what systemic conditions can be caused by periodontitis?
- Atherosclerotic vascular disease
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes
- Diabetic complications
- Respiratory infections
Atherosclerosis leads to fibro-lipid lesions called ________
atheromas
what are the common complications of atherosclerosis?
Coronary thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction
what 2 things can cause an Acute phase reaction?
Systemic Inflammation & Bacterial Translocation
what are the major confounding factors associating periodontitis with AVD?
- Smoking
- Age
- Diabetes
- Educational and socioeconomic status
T/F: DeStafano found that periodontitis is associated with a small increase in risk for coronary heart disease in men
true
what did the matilla study find?
it showed a significant association between poor oral health and MI (myocardial infarction)
the ______ study revealed a small association between tooth loss and coronary heart disease.
Joshipura
the study by _______ found that periodontitis can influence atheroma formation
Beck
what study found no link between periodontal disease and CHD risk
Hujoel
