chronic periodontitis

Question 1

T/F: chronic periodontitis is most prevalent in adults, but may be seen in children

Answer 1

true

Question 2

in chronic perio, Tissue destruction is commensurate with what?

Answer 2

oral hygiene & plaque levels and local/systemic factors

Question 3

T/F: Specific subgingival species are found in all patients suffering from chronic periodontitis

Answer 3

false

individual species vary among individuals

Question 4

Subgingival ________ is invariably present at disease sites

Answer 4

calculus

Question 5

the rate of progression of chronic periodontitis is _____ to _______

Answer 5

slow to moderate

Question 6

what determines pathogenesis and progression of chronic perio?

Answer 6

Host factors

Question 7

what type of pain is associated with chronic periodontitis?

Answer 7

*Mostly painless

Localized dull pain
Gingival tenderness, ‘itching’ gums

Question 8

what are the symptoms of chronic periodontitis?

Answer 8

Loose teeth
Food impaction
Drifted teeth/ increased spacing
Root sensitivity
Bleeding gums

Question 9

localized chronic periodontitis occurs at _____% of sites, while generalized will occur at ______%

Answer 9

localized- ≤30% of sites

generalized- >30% of sites

Question 10

what is the difference between slight, moderate and severe chronic perio?

Answer 10

Slight: 1-2 mm of attachment loss

moderate: 3-4 mm of loss
severe: 5 mm or more

Question 11

what is the “typical diagnosis” of chronic perio?

Answer 11

Generalized slight with localized moderate chronic periodontitis

Question 12

T/F: most cases of chronic periodontitis can be seen by a visual examination

Answer 12

FALSE

probing must be used to determine attachment loss

Question 13

what % of the population is at high risk for chronic perio? low risk?

Answer 13

10% of population is at high risk

10% is at low risk

(most people fall somewhere in between)

Question 14

what 2 risk factors can be modified with intervention?

Answer 14

Smoking

Diabetes

Question 15

what is a risk determinant? give an example of one

Answer 15

Risk determinant: non-modifiable factors

age
gender

Question 16

what is a risk indicator? name them.

Answer 16

putative risk factors that have been identified in cross sectional studies but not confirmed longitudinally

HIV/AIDS
Osteoporosis
Infrequent dental visits

Question 17

what are Risk markers/predictors? give examples.

Answer 17

a characteristic associated with elevated risk for disease but may not be part of the causal chain

Furcation involvement
Calculus
History of attachment loss

Question 18

_________ _______ induces gingivitis, but host response determines if Chronic periodontitis will develop

Answer 18

bacterial plaque

Question 19

what did the chinese studies find about the relation between gingivitis and CP?

Answer 19

gingival inflammation a risk for Attachment Loss at any site

Question 20

what did the norwegian studies find about the relation between gingivitis and CP?

Answer 20

tooth loss greater in sites with baseline severe gingival inflammation

Question 21

approximately _____% of americans are affected by ADVANCED periodontal disease (according to the NIDR study)

Answer 21

13%

Question 22

_____% of US population has periodontitis. how many people is this?

Answer 22

> 47%

over 65 million people

Question 23

what % of the population has mild periodontitis? moderate? severe? (according to the NHANES study)

Answer 23

8.7% mild periodontitis
30% moderate periodontitis
8.5 % severe periodontitis

Question 24

T/F: 64% of adults over 65 years old had either moderate or severe periodontitis

Answer 24

true

Question 25

what population groups are at the highest risk for periodontitis?

Answer 25

Prevalence highest in: men Mexican Americans adults with less than a high school education adults below 100% Federal Poverty Levels current smokers.

Question 26

_________ Periodontitis is the 6th most prevalent disease in the world

Answer 26

severe

Question 27

what is a "cal" equal to?

Answer 27

probing depth + gingival recession

Question 28

what recordings are taken in the diagnosis of periodontitis?

Answer 28

``` Probing Depth Gingival Recession CAL BOP (expressed as % of total sites available) Furcation involvement Mobility Fremitus Bone defects ```

Question 29

what type of bone defects are relevant to the diagnosis of periodontitis?

Answer 29

Horizontal vs. vertical 1-wall, 2-wall, 3-wall bony defects.

Question 30

what are the goals of therapy for periodontitis?

Answer 30

Eliminate etiology Eliminate or reduce risk factors Prevent recurrence

Question 31

name the steps involved in initial periodontal therapy:

Answer 31

Removal of both sub and supragingival plaque Adequate oral hygiene Remove local and systemic risk factors

Question 32

what is the "rationale" for periodontal treatment? (AKA how do we know it works?)

Answer 32

Periodontal treatment of CP is effective (<0.1 tooth loss/year) Non-compliant patients had double the rate of tooth loss (0.2 teeth/year) Untreated patients lost approximately 0.6 teeth/year

Question 33

what causes the reduction in probing depths after INITIAL perio therapy?

Answer 33

gingival recession gain of clinical attachment pocket shrinkage

Question 34

T/F: after initial therapy, sites with initially shallow pockets tend to lose CAL (possible trauma)

Answer 34

true

Question 35

when would a patient be at a greater risk for additional attachment loss as a result of therapy?

Answer 35

if presenting multiple sites with residual probing depth >6 mm after active treatment

Question 36

T/F: it is possible to maintain a 6mm pocket during periodontitis therapy if the proper precautions are taken

Answer 36

FALSE You cannot maintain 6 mm pockets- surgical therapy recommended