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Oral Rad Path Final! > Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation limited to the soft tissues that surround teeth

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2
Q

Gingivitis Clinical Features

A

Accumulation of dental plaque and calculusInflammation can be local or generalizedDiffuse, marginal gingivitis, or papillary gingivitis

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3
Q

Gingivitis Signs

A

Loss of stippling and bleeding on gentle probingErythematous gingiva Severe cases may have pyogenic granulomas

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4
Q

Gingivitis Epidemiology

A

Increased susceptibility during pubertyProgesterone (pregnancy) increases permeability of gingival blood vesselsRisk factors: smoking, stress, poor diet

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5
Q

Gingivitis Histology

A

Inflammatory infiltrate with PMN, then lymphocytes

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6
Q

Gingivitis Treatment

A

Reduce know risk factorsImprove oral hygieneRemove plaque

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7
Q

Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

A

Vincent Infection, Trench MouthInfection caused byspirochetes and bacillus fusiformis in the presence of psychological stress.

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8
Q

NUG Clinical Features

A

Interdental papillae are highly inflamed, edematous, and hemorrhagic.Papillae are blunted with crater-like necrosis covered by grey pseudomembrane.Can lead to loss of attachment

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9
Q

NUG Epidemiology

A

Mostly seen in young and middle-aged adults and militaryCan occur in all ages

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10
Q

NUG Histology

A

Non-specificInflammation, ulceration, necrotic material

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11
Q

NUG Treatment

A

Debride and rinses to remove bacteriaResolves quickly

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12
Q

Granulomatous Gingivitis

A

Unexplained granulomatous inflammation on gingival biopsyRule out all other possible causesMay be caused by foreign body in gingival tissue

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13
Q

Granulomatous Gingivitis Clinical Features

A

Red and white macules at interdental papillaePain, sensitivity

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14
Q

Granulomatous Gingivitis Epidemiology

A

Most frequently in adults

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15
Q

Granulomatous Gingivitis Histology

A

Granulomas with multinucleated giant cells

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16
Q

Granulomatous Gingivitis Treatment

A

Surgically excise foreign bodyIf no foreign body, evaluate for other diseases

17
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis

A

Gingival epithelium that sloughs spontaneously or with minor manipulation

18
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis Epidemiology

A

Female> 40 yo

19
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis Clinical Features

A

Gradual involvementMore facial than lingualSmooth erythemaLoss of stipplingPainfulCan have blisters

20
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis Histology

A

Lichen planus or pemphigoid

21
Q

Desquamative Gingivitis Treatment

A

Clean areaDoxycyclineImmunosupressants

22
Q

Drug Related Gingival Hyperplasia

A

Abnormal growth of gingival tissues secondary to systemic medication due to an increased production of ECM (collagen)Most common with cyclosporine and phenytoinAssociated with poor dental hygiene???

23
Q

DRGH Epidemiology

A

25 and younger

24
Q

DRGH Clinical Features

A

Enlargements start in interdental papillae and spreadDark red, bleeds easily, can ulcerateCan interfere with speech and mastication

25
Q

DRGH Histology

A

Elongated rete ridgesIncreased collagen

26
Q

DRGH Treatment

A

Discontinue medicationIf med can’t be stopped - professional evaluations and home plaque controlFolic Acid

27
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis

A

Hyperplasia of gingiva

28
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis Epidemiology

A

Familial or idiopathicBegins < 20 yoMay be associated with hypertrichosis, epilepsy, and mental retardation

29
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis Clinical Features

A

Enlarged gingivaNormal colorSmooth surface

30
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis Histopathology

A

Dense hypocellularHypovascular tissueAbsent inflammation

31
Q

Gingival Fibromatosis Treatment

A

GingivectomyOral hygieneSometimes tooth extraction

32
Q

Periodontitis

A

Inflammation of gingival tissue with associated loss of bony attchment and supportRisk factors: smoking, diabetes, genetics

33
Q

Periodontitis Bacteria

A

Healthy gingiva: facultative gram postitivePeriodontisis: gram negative-A.a.-Bacteroides-Prevotella intermadiaForm biofilmRelease lipopolysaccharides, stimulate inflammation

34
Q

Chronic Periodontitis

A

Primary cause of tooth loss in pts >35 yoNo inflammationBlunting and apical positioning of the gingival marginsLoss of attachment (shown with probe)

35
Q

Necrotizing Ulcerative Periodontitis

A

Similar to NUG, with loss of attachment and alveolar boneMay occur in preexisting areas of NUG or periodontitisPts are younger

36
Q

Periodontal Abcess

A

Occurs in pre-existing periodontal lesionCan result from super infectionAppears as lateral enlargement of gingivaMay be red with edema or bleedingPain, sensitivity on palpation, foul taste, fever

37
Q

Pericoronitis

A

Develops around impacted or partially erupted teeth with debris between the gingival flap and the crownInflammationFoul tasteCan’t close jaws, pain may radiate to throat, floor of mouth, or ear

38
Q

Periodontitis Histology

A

Hyperplasia of epitheliumIncreased vascularityInflammation

Oral Rad Path Final! (9 decks)

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