Final 1 - Infections of the Oral Cavity Flashcards
Actinomycosis Clinical Features
Bacterial infection (tricky, sounds fungal, but it’s not!)
Periapical is the most common orofacial type - can also see on face and neck
Firm swelling with drainage
Visible abscess
Actinomycosis Histological Appearance
Sulfur granules! (yellow granules in pus)
Filamentous Gram positive bacteria
Radiating Neutrophil band
Actinicomycosis Treatment
Penicillin
I guess Amoxicillin works if we need to write the prescription
Other soft tissue bacterial infection Clinical Features
Associated with immunocompromised pts
Abscess with pain, swelling, drainage
Other soft tissue bacterial infection Treatment
Identify underlying problem
Incision and drainage
Culture
Antibiotics (Amoxicillin)
Superficial Fungal Infections
Candida (C. albicans)- Acute, Chronic, Median Rhomboid Glossitis
Deep Fungal Infections
Histoplasmosis
Zygomycosis
Aspergillosis
Cryptococcosis
Candida Predisposition Factors
Hyposalivation Dentures Diabetes Iron/B12 deficiency Immunocompromise
Acute Candidiasis Clinical Features
Rapid onset
Pseudomembranous (Thrush):
Yellow-white plaques and papules that scrape off red base
Atrophic: Angular chelitis
Angular Chelitis Clinical Features
Acute candidiasis of corners of mouth
Cracked, fissured, weepy
Chronic Candidiasis Clinical Features
Atrophic: bright, red sore area under denture
Hyperplastic: chronic muco-cutaneous candidiasis
Looks like leukoplakia, doesn’t wipe off
Candidiasis Treatment
Nystatin Suspension
Topical Antifungals
Fluconazole if systemic needed
Treat denture with chlorox (plastic) or nystatin (metal)
Median Rhomboid Glossitis Clinical Features
Candida infection of midline tongue anterior to circumvallate papillae
Candidiasis Histological Appearance
Penetrating hyphae, spores
Deep Fungal Infections Clinical Appearance
Persistent single necrotic ulcer (fungi occlude blood vessels)
Zygomycosis - persistant sinus infection in diabetics
Cryptococcosis - meningitis in HIV
Viral Infections
Herpes Simplex Erythema Multiforme Varicella-Zoster Post-herpetic Neuralgia Hairy Leukoplakia CMV HHV-8 HPV Coxsackie virus & Enterovirus