Final 2 - Oral Manifestations of AIDS Flashcards
Estimated # of people living with HIV
30,000,000
People in US diagnosed with HIV each year
50,000
Percentage of HIV patients with oral manifestations
40%
Percentage of HIV patients with oral cavity pain
28%
Fungal Infections (Type, Test, Treat)
Type: Candidiasis (pseudomembranous, atrophic, hyperplastic, angular chelitis)
Test: exfoliative cytology with KOH
Treat:
Topical (nystatin, clotrimazole, vytone cream, mycolog cream)
Systemic (fluconazole)
Deep Fungal Infections (Presentation, Treat)
Histoplasmosis
5% of AIDS pts
Painful, indurated ulcers on palate, gingiva, tongue
Treat: Anti-fungals
HSV Implications and Treatment
CD4 count 4wks can indicate progression to AIDS
Treat:
CD4 >200 Acyclovir
CD4 <200 Systemic antiviral
Varicella-Zoster Appearance and Treatment
Shingles - single dermatome, painful vesicles
Treat: systemic anti-virals
Epstiein Barr Virus Associations
General population:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
AIDS:
Hairy leukoplakia
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia Appearance
25% of AIDS pts
CD4 <300
White, vertical fissures on ventral/lateral tongue
No tx
Cytomegalovirus (Present, Test, Treat)
Painful, persistant ulcers on palate and gingiva
May cause blindness in HIV
Test: deep biopsy, owl eyes
Treat: Systemic antiviral
HPV (Present, Treat)
Wart on lip, gingiva, palate
Soft, pink, cauliflower
Some strains cause dysplasia -> SCC
Treat: excision
Linear Gingival Erythema (Present, Treat)
Red band on gingiva
Petechiae, spontaneous bleeding
Treat: Oral hygiene
NUG (Present, Treat)
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis
Necrosis of inter-dental papillae
Pain, gingival bleeding, swelling
Alveolar bone loss
Treat: Debride, Antibiotics
Kaposi Sarcoma
Most common tumor in AIDS
Associated with HHV-8
Decreased with HAART
