periodic trends (unit 3)

Question 1

atomic radius

Answer 1

distance between nucleus and outermost shell

Question 2

ionization energy

Answer 2

energy required to remove an electron

Question 3

electronegativity

Answer 3

ability of an atom to attract an electron

Question 4

atomic radius trends

Answer 4

down a group: atomic radius INCREASES (adding energy levels, so outermost shell becomes further)

across a period: atomic radius DECREASES (electrons become more attracted because there are more protons

Question 5

ionization energy trends

Answer 5

down a group: ie DECREASES (more energy levels added, atomic radius increases, the hold decreases because the electrons are not as close to the protons)

across a period: ie INCREASES (attraction increases because more protons and less energy levels)

Question 6

electronegativity trends

Answer 6

down a group: en DECREASES (protons are more distant, so less likely to attract an electron)

across a period: en INCREASES (become closer to filling an orbital, so it becomes more reactive as the atomic number increases and valence electrons are added)