bonding (unit 4)

Question 1

what are chemical bonds?

Answer 1

forces that hold elements together in a molecule

Question 2

molecule representation

Answer 2

• represented by chemical formulas
• bonds form to make atoms more stable

Question 3

what is the octet rule?

Answer 3

atoms are most stable when they have eight valence electrons (it causes bonds)

Question 4

ionic bond identifiers

Answer 4

• large difference in electronegativity:
  difference in EN > 2 , then it is an ionic bond
• nonmetal and metal
• electrons are stolen from another atom, and ions are formed

Question 5

cation

Answer 5

positively charged ion (loses electrons)

Question 6

anion

Answer 6

negatively charged ion (gains electrons)

Question 7

covalent bond identifiers

Answer 7

• small difference in electronegativity
• non metal and non metal
• no ions are formed
• electrons are shared
• polar vs non polar bonds

Question 8

polar covalent bonds

Answer 8

• atoms are shared unequally, and creates partial charges
• difference in EN > .6

Question 9

non-polar covalent bonds

Answer 9

• electrons are shared evenly (no partial charges)
• difference in EN < .6
  (larger electronegativity has negative charge)

Question 10

metallic bond identifiers

Answer 10

• similar ionization energy and electronegativity
• between metals

Question 11

metallic bond characteristics

Answer 11

• low ionization energies
• electrons are freely shared (electron sea)