Periodic Trends Flashcards
What is a periodic trend?
patterns in the periodic table
What are the four periodic trends?
Atomic Radius, Ionization Energy, Electronegativity, Ionic Radius
What is Atomis Radius?
the distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons
What is the vertical trend for atomic radius?
As you go down a column, atomic radius increases, size of atom gets bigger
What is horizontal trend for atomic radius?
As you move towards the right on the periodic table, atomic radius will decrease, size of atom gets smaller
What is ionization energy?
energy needed to remove an electron
What is ionization energy measured in?
kilo joules
What is the relation between ionization energy and atomic radius?
They are inversely proportional, the grater the atomic radius, the easier it is for the electrons to be removed
What is shielding?
Shielding is when the core electrons block the protons from pulling towards the valence electrons
What is the trend for ionization energy across column?
As we go down a group, ionization energy decreases
What is the trend for ionization energy across row?
As we go across a period, ionization energy increases
How do you find valence electrons of atom through ionization energy?
Through the ionization energies, whenever there is a big jump, that’s the amount of valence electrons in that element
What is electronegativity?
electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
What is the trend of electron negativity vertically?
As you go down the group, electronegativity decreases
What is the trend of electron negativity horizontally?
As you go from left to right in the periodic table, electronegativity increases
