Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the atomic number?
Number of protons {equal o number of electrons}
What is mass number?
Number of protons + number of neutrons
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
Charge of electron?
-1
Charge of neutron?
0
What are the mass of protons and neutrons?
1
---------- | 3 | | Li | | 6.941 | ----------
What is the 3?
The atomic number, number of protons {and electrons
---------- | 3 | | Li | | 6.941 | ----------
What’s is the 6.941?
Mass number
Protons + neutrons
What does the group number tell you?
Number of electrons on outside shell
What does the period number tell us?
Number of shells
What do we know about atoms of the same element?
They all have the same number protons, and so same atomic number
How many electrons does a full outer shell have?
8
How many electrons does a full inner shell have?
2
What do electrons do to give an atom a full outer shell?
Electrons move between atoms to give each other full shells
What does it mean for an atom to be a neutral atom?
It has the same number of neutrons and electrons
What are ions?
Atoms with a positive or negative charge due to electrons moving around
What are atoms that have lost electrons called?
Cations
What charge will atoms that have lost electrons have? What are they called?
Positive charges, Cations
What are atoms that have Gained electrons called?
Anions
What charge will atoms that have Gained electrons have? What are they called?
Negative charges, anions
What type of ions do metals always form?
Cations
What type of ions do non metals always form?
An anion
What are the ending of non metals, that tell us that it’s an ion?
Ide
Draw a lithium atom
2 electrons inner shell
1 electron outer shell
Draw a lithium ion
[ two inner shell electrons. +1. ]
What is the formula for calcium bromide? Why?
Calcium - ca = +2
Bromide - Br = -1
= Ca^2+ Br^-1 = CaBr{little2} = 0
2 and 1 both fit into 2
Not -2 because it already has a positive charge, and Bromine 2 has an overall charge of -2
When a metal and a non metal form an ionic bond what does the ending of the non metal change to?
ide, telling us it’s an ion
What are two metals that form an ion called?
Polyatomic ions
What do the numbers in CO{little3}^2- tell us?
2 = it has a negative charge of two. Has gained two electrons
3=3lots of oxygen are bonded to one carbon
