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Chemistry - GCSE > Mixtures > Flashcards

Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

What do pure substances have that mixtures do not have?

A

Pure substances have specific properties that distinguish them from all others

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2
Q

What properties do mixtures have?

A

No special, unique properties

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3
Q

Can the components of a mixture be extracted?

A

Yes

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4
Q

What are the two properties of a heterogenous substance? What is it also known as?

A

The components can be seen by the eye and are not evenly distributed. A mixture.

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5
Q

What are the two properties of a homogeneous substance? What is it also known as?

A

Each compound cannot be seen or separated. A solution.

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6
Q

What is distillation?

A

A method used to separate out separate compounds within a substance by heating each compound to its boiling point

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7
Q

What composition does a pure substance have?

A

The same composition throughout.

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8
Q

Where in the liquid do the particles need the less energy to turn to gas?

A

The surface

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9
Q

What’s the melting point of a mixture?

A

The melting point is different for every substance of the mixture

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10
Q

What happens to the particles when a solid melts

A

The particles gain energy and begin to move apart

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11
Q

What has to be overcome for a solid to begin melting?

A

The weak forces of attraction

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12
Q

What composition does a pure substance have?

A

The same composition throughout

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13
Q

When does a pure substance melt?

A

All the substance melts at the same point until all of it has changes from a solid to a liquid

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14
Q

In a mixture what is important about the physical properties?

A

All physical properties are NOT the same throughout

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15
Q

When does a mixture melt?

A

All substances in a mixture melt at different points

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16
Q

What is paper chromatography?

A

A cheap and easy way to separate the different pots of a mixture

17
Q

Why does chromatography work?

A

Because different solute dissolve with differing success in different solvente

18
Q

How does the solubility of the compound effect how fast it will travel up the paper in chromatography?

A

The more soluble the compound is, the faster it is carried up the paper

19
Q

What is the paper you are left with at the end of chromatography called?

A

A chromatogram

20
Q

Why does the distance a due travels up the paper tell us about it in chromatography?

A

The dye that travels furthest up the paper is the most soluble

21
Q

What is the Stationary phase in chromatography?

A

Stationary phase = dye is not moving

22
Q

What is the mobile phase in chromatography?

A

The solvent

23
Q

What is the equation for RF values?

A

RF = distance moved by compound / distance moved by solvent

24
Q

What is a Mixture?

A

A mixture is two or more compounds/elements that are not chemically joined

25
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Made up of only one type of atom or compound - the same throughout

26
Q

What is crystallisation?

A

Crystallisation is when we evaporate a liquid from a solution to leave a solute

27
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Calcium?

A

Ca

28
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Magnesium?

A

My

29
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Potassium?

A

K

30
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?

A

Na

31
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Bicarbonate?

A

HCO{small 3} {small top right minus}

32
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Sulphate?

A

SO{small4}

33
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Nitrate?

A

NO{small3}

34
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Fluoride?

A

F

35
Q

What is the chemical symbol for Chloride?

A

CL

36
Q

In the lab, what water must we use?

A

Distilled water

37
Q

What is simple distillation?

A

Separating inkywater

38
Q

What is fractional distilation

A

Separating crude oil

Chemistry - GCSE (9 decks)

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