Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

English scientist Robert Moseley arranged the periodic table according to what?

A

Increasing atomic numbers

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2
Q

Groups

A

Also called families or columns, top to bottom

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3
Q

4 characteristics of group 1 and 2 metals

A

1) Cannot be found alone on Earth
2) Appear in compounds as oxides
3) Lose electrons readily to react
4) Most active/reactive metals

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4
Q

Group 1

A

Alkali metals

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5
Q

Group 2

A

Alkaline earth metals

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6
Q

Group 17

A

Halogens

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7
Q

Group 18

A

Noble gases

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8
Q

Groups 3-12 and some under the staircase

A

Transition metals

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9
Q

Left of the staircase (except H2)

A

Metals

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10
Q

On the boldface staircase

A

Metalloids, semimetals, semiconductors

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11
Q

Right of the staircase

A

Nonmetals

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12
Q

Periods

A

Rows, left to right, related to the 7 PELS

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13
Q

Trends in a group - atomic radius

A

As atomic radius increases, atomic radius increases

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14
Q

Atomic radius

A

The size of an atom, from the nucleus to outermost electron

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15
Q

Electronegativity

A

The ability to attract electrons in a bond

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16
Q

4 facts about electronegativity

A

1) Fluorine has the highest EN of 4
2) Noble gases have an EN of 0
3) Metals have a low EN
4) Nonmetals have a high EN

17
Q

Trends in a group - electronegativity

A

EN decreases as you go down a group

18
Q

Ionization energy

A

The energy that must be added in order to remove the most loosely bound electron

19
Q

Ionization creates a

A

Positive ion

20
Q

Trends in a group - ionization energy

A

Ionization energy decreases going down a group, meaning it gets easier to remove the valence electron as you go down a column

21
Q

Trends in a period - atomic radius AND WHY

A

Decreases going left to right because nuclear charge is decreasing, meaning electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus

22
Q

Trends in a period - electronegativity

A

Increases going left to right

23
Q

Trends in a period - ionization energy AND WHY

A

Increases going left to right, atomic radius is decreasing so it takes more energy to remove the valence electron closer to the nucleus

24
Q

Trends in a period - metallic character

A

Decreases going left to right

25
Reactive =
Loses electrons readily
26
Most reactive metal =
Francium
27
Most reactive nonmetal =
Fluorine
28
Phase at room temperature for metals
Solid, except Hg(l)
29
Phase at room temperature for nonmetals
Solids (I), liquids (Br), and gases (Cl)
30
Semimetals
Have properties between metals and nonmetals