Kinetics and Equilibrium

Question 1

Kinetics

Answer 1

Movement of particles

Question 2

Collision theory

Answer 2

Increasing the number of collisions will increase the number of effective collisions

Question 2

6 ways to increase the rate of a reaction

Answer 2

1) Add a catalyst
2) Increase pressure of gases
3) Increase temperature
4) Increase surface area
5) Increase concentration of reactant particles
6) Nature of reactants (Group 1 and 2, F)

Question 3

Effective collisions produce

Answer 3

The desired products

Question 4

2 requirements for an effective collision

Answer 4

1) Proper orientation
2) Sufficient energy

Question 5

When heat is on the product or right side of an equation, the forward reaction is

Answer 5

Exothermic

Question 6

When heat is on the reactant or left side of an equation, the forward reaction is

Answer 6

Endothermic

Question 7

A product produced from which reaction, endothermic or exothermic, is more stable?

Answer 7

Exothermic products because low energy is associated with stability

Question 8

53 kJ + H2 + I2 -> 2HI, how much heat is absorbed in the production of 4 moles of HI?

Answer 8

Double it, so 106 kJ

Question 9

For solution equilibrium, you must have a

Answer 9

Saturated solution

Question 10

LeChatelier’s Principle

Answer 10

If a chemical system at equilibrium is stressed in some way, it undergoes a change that tends to reduce the effects of stress

Question 11

3 types of stresses

Answer 11

a) Change in concentration
b) Change in temperature
c) Change in pressure

Question 12

Increasing the concentration of the reactants increases the rate of the

Answer 12

Forward reaction

Question 13

Increasing the concentration of the products increases the rate of the

Answer 13

Reverse reaction

Question 14

What concentration is increased, there is a

Answer 14

Shift away from that substance

Question 15

Decreasing the concentration of the reactants increase the rate of the

Answer 15

Reverse reaction

Question 16

Decreasing the concentration of products increases the rate of the

Answer 16

Forward reaction

Question 17

Whatever concentration is removed,

Answer 17

The reaction produces more of it is favored

Question 18

Pressure changes applies only to

Answer 18

Gases

Question 19

Increase in pressure

Answer 19

Shift to the side with less moles of gas

Question 20

Decrease in pressure

Answer 20

Shift to side with more moles of gas

Question 21

Decrease in temperature

Answer 21

Exothermic reaction is favored

Question 22

Increase in temperature

Answer 22

Endothermic reaction is favored

Question 23

What happens when you add a catalyst?

Answer 23

No change in equilibrium, but increased the rate of the forward and reverse reactions equally

Question 24

Entropy

Answer 24

Measure of a system’s randomness or disorder

Question 25

What happens to entropy as you move from water in the solid phase to water in the gas phase?

Answer 25

Entropy increases, more disorder and less order

Question 26

True or false: Pieces and parts have greater entropies than compounds

Answer 26

True!

Question 27

Spontaneous reaction

Answer 27

One that will take place under given conditions

Question 28

What promotes a spontaneous reaction?

Answer 28

An exothermic reaction or one that goes to lower energy with an increase in entropy