periodic table Flashcards
is hydrogen considered metal or non-metal element
non-metal
is the ‘group’ horizontal or vertical
vertical
is the ‘period’ horizontal or vertical
horizontal
how to write the chemical symbol
write the symbol in the middle
mass no. on the top
proton no. on the bottom
what group are noble gases
group 8
what is a noble gas
fully filled electron = means its stable
name the diatomic molecule
hydrogen nitrogen fluorine chlorine bromine iodine asatatine
explain how fluorine atom form a diatomic molecule
a fluorine atom shares one electron with another fluorine atom to form a diatomic molecule
if the element has the same period, it means that…
it has the same no. of electron shells
if the element has the same group, it means that…
it has the same no. of valence electrons
same group of elements will undergo… and have similar…
similar chemical reactions
have similar chemical properties
the elements are arranged in…
increasing proton number
what are group 1 elements called
alkali metals
what are the physical properties of alkali metal
soft and can easily be cut
low boiling and melting point
low density
in alkali metals, as we go down the group… (what are the physical and chemical properties)
melting and boiling point decrease
density increase
reactivity increases
in alkali metals, what are the observations in lithium
reacts quickly
floats on water
no flame
in alkali metals, what are the observations in sodium
reacts very quickly
skids on the surface
yellow flame
in alkali metals, what are the observations in potassium
extremely fast
vigorously with water
catches fire, lilac flame
in alkali metals, what are the observations in rubidium
violently with water
explodes almost immediately
what are group VII elements called
halogens
what are the physical properties of halogens
low melting and boiling points
low density
poor conductors of heat and electricity
in halogens, what is the colour and the state of fluorine
pale yellow
gas
in halogens, what is the colour and the state of chlorine
yellowish-green
gas
in halogens, what is the colour and the state of bromine
reddish-brown
liquid
in halogens, what is the colour and the state of iodine
purplish-black
solid
in halogens, what is the colour and the state of astatine
black solid
in halogens, as we go down the group… (what are the physical and chemical properties)
melting and boiling point increases
density increases
reactivity decreases
colour gets darker
what are group 0 elements called
noble gas
what are the characteristics of noble gas
low melting and boiling points
inert/ nonreactive
monotonic
explain why and where should an alkali metals be stored
kept in oil for safety to prevent reaction with oxygen and water
metal + oxygen –>
metal oxide
metal + cold water –>
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
what are the 2 reactions of alkali metal
metal + oxygen
metal + cold water
in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium chloride and iodine
there is no reaction
iodine is less reactive than bromine hence it cannot displace bromine from potassium bromide solution
in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium bromide and chlorine
the colourless solution (potassium bromide) turns reddish brown (aqueous bromide)
this is because chlorine is more reactive than bromine hence chlorine displaces bromine from potassium bromide solution
what is the chemical equation of chlorine displacing bromine from potassium bromide solution
2KBr + Cl2 –> 2KCl + Br2
in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium bromide and iodine
there is no reaction
iodine is less reactive than bromine hence it cannot displace bromine from potassium bromide solution
in displacement reactions of halogens, explain the reactions of potassium iodide and chlorine
the colourless solution (potassium iodide) turns brown (iodine)
this is because chlorine is more reactive than iodine hence chlorine displaces iodine from potassium iodide solution
what is the chemical equation of chlorine displacing bromine from potassium iodide solution
2Kl + Cl2 –> 2KCl + l2
